Immigration

What is needed to obtain a Green Card in the United States?

What do you need to get a Green Card in the United States? Pathways, requirements, costs, and timelines explained for immigrants.

Surely during your stay in the United States you have heard about the well-known Green Card or permanent resident card.

It is a document issued by the U.S. government that allows immigrants to reside and work legally and permanently.

For immigrants, obtaining it is of utmost importance, as it also opens the door to several benefits, such as legal protection, the right to purchase property, and the ability to apply for lawful permanent residence for family members.

Thousands of migrants in the United States often ask the big question: “How can I live legally in the United States?” We know how important it is for you to achieve better living conditions to support your family and loved ones. Therefore, below you’ll find a guide with practical steps, eligibility categories, and the documents needed to obtain a Green Card and change your life in the United States.

Eligibility categories for the Green Card

There are several paths to obtain a green card. To know which one to take, you need to be clear about both your immigration status and the eligibility category that applies to your profile.

Family-based Green Card

The first category refers to permanent residence granted through immediate family members who already have legal status in the United States.

It is divided as follows:

  • Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: spouses and unmarried children under 21.

You must wait for approval of Form I-130 and then apply for residence; there is no annual cap.

  • Family preference category: unmarried children over 21 of citizens; spouses and children of permanent residents; married children of citizens; and siblings of citizens.

You must file Form I-485. For this, you must wait until your priority date becomes current on the Visa Bulletin. Otherwise, you can only file the I-130.

Employment-based Green Card

  • EB-1 visa: individuals with extraordinary ability, such as distinguished professors or researchers.
  • EB-2 visa: accomplished professionals with an advanced degree and exceptional ability.
  • EB-3 visa: skilled workers, professionals, and “other workers.”
  • EB-4 visa: special categories such as religious workers, U.S. government employees, members of the Armed Forces, among others.
  • EB-5 visa: for investors who allocate substantial funds to businesses that create at least 10 jobs in the country.

Process to obtain a work-based visa

  • The employer files the PERM Labor Certification, demonstrating that there are no qualified or available U.S. workers for the position. To do this, they must submit Form ETA-9089 to the Department of Labor.
  • Once employment authorization is obtained, the employer must file Form I-140 with USCIS, along with the approved PERM certification.
  • The employee must apply for adjustment of status via Form I-485 (if in the United States) or do consular processing at a U.S. embassy.
  • For the EB-2 visa, applicants may choose the National Interest Waiver (NIW), which eliminates the need for PERM.

Remember that to work legally in the United States you must obtain an SSN. Before obtaining residence, migrants often use an ITIN to file their tax returns.

Green Card for special immigrants

  • VAWA visa: victims of abuse by a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.
  • SIJ visa: minors who have been abused or abandoned by their parents.
  • In both cases, applicants must file Form I-360.

Green Card through refugee or asylee status

  • People admitted through an asylum claim or refugee status, as well as their immediate family members.
  • In both cases, applicants must be physically present in the United States for at least 1 year and then file Form I-485.

Other categories

In addition, there are other less common categories:

  • Diversity Visa (Green Card Lottery): an annual lottery of up to 50,000 slots. Selectees receive a consular interview, though it does not guarantee a visa.
  • Cuban Adjustment Act: a special adjustment program for Cuban nationals.

Each category has different eligibility requirements and processing times, so it is very important to consult U.S. government guidance and, if needed, seek the support of an immigration attorney.

Steps to apply for a Green Card

Once you know, in broad strokes, the requirements to obtain a Green Card, you need to be clear about the application process you must follow.

Determine eligibility

Before starting any process, review the categories above and determine which best fits your profile—family, employment, special immigrants, etc.

We recommend reviewing the Visa Bulletin to verify the documents required for your category and ensure you have them.

File the initial petition

Once you are clear on the category that applies to you, you must file the form indicated for that category, along with the required supporting documents, for example:

  • Valid passport (required for any category).
  • Evidence of the family relationship, such as birth or marriage certificates.
  • Job offer letter.

Adjustment of status or consular processing

After your corresponding form is approved, you must apply for adjustment of status or consular processing and pay the fee required by the Department of State.

  • If you are in the United States, file Form I-485 along with evidence of eligibility.
  • If you are in another country, you must submit the DS-260 at a U.S. consulate. This is the immigrant visa application for permanent residence.

Interview and biometrics

In the next step, you must attend an adjustment-of-status appointment, at which USCIS will take your fingerprints, biometrics, photo, and signature.

You must also attend an interview to answer questions related to your eligibility category.

Receiving the Green Card

Finally, your Green Card will be mailed to your address. Make sure to check that all details are correct and keep it in a safe place.

After some time, you may apply for citizenship if you meet the necessary requirements.

Maintaining and renewing the Green Card

Once you have your green card in hand, you must keep track of renewal periods to avoid issues after the expiration date.

Renewal and replacement

  • A regular Green Card is valid for 10 years.
  • To replace your Green Card, you must file Form I-90 at least 6 months before the expiration date.
  • The same form is also used in case of damage or loss.

Removal of conditions

  • Applies to conditional residents with a 2-year Green Card, generally based on a recent marriage to a U.S. citizen.
  • File Form I-751 for marriage-based cases or the corresponding form for your category.
  • You must submit the documentation required by USCIS, as well as attend an additional interview.

Important rules

  • If you change your address, be sure to report it to USCIS promptly.
  • If for any reason you need to spend more than 6 consecutive months outside the United States, be sure to obtain a reentry permit (Advance Parole or Reentry Permit). Otherwise, you could risk losing your residence.
  • Refrain from actions considered abandonment of residence, such as surrendering the card or voting in foreign countries.
  • Keep an eye on your Green Card’s validity and renew it when appropriate.

Organize your financial life in the U.S. with Común

As you can see, the process of obtaining a Green Card is long and exhausting. Therefore, it is essential to understand the different categories, steps, forms, and the key points to maintain your permanent residence.

Another relevant point for improving your stay in the United States is having partners who understand your needs.

We present Común, the financial platform that addresses day-to-day needs through an intuitive mobile app, where you can easily open an account with qualifying official identification from your country of origin.

It also offers remittance services to several countries, helping your family receive more for less.

Why choose Común?

  • Open a secure account with clear and competitive fees.
  • Receive deposits and send remittances home.
  • Get a debit card for daily expenses and financial control.
  • Ability to save and plan your finances as you settle in the United States.

Open your account with Común today and get financial services tailored to you.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, consult our FAQs.

Can I travel outside the U.S. while my application is in process?

You need to obtain Advance Parole (Form I-131), since leaving the country could cancel your application.

When can I apply for citizenship after obtaining a Green Card?

You must be a permanent resident for at least 5 years, or 3 if based on marriage, and have lived continuously in the United States and fulfilled tax obligations.

How long does the Green Card process take?

It depends on the category and whether you apply inside or outside the country. In general, the wait time is approximately 1 to 3 years.

How much does it cost to apply for a Green Card?

The cost varies by category. Check USCIS’s fee calculator to get a clear figure.

What is the difference between the I-485 and the DS-260?

The I-485 is the adjustment-of-status application to permanent resident filed within the United States, whereas the DS-260 is the immigrant visa application filed from another country.

What happens if your Green Card is denied?

You can appeal the decision via Form I-290B or refile the application.

About Común

Común aims to support the Latino community in the United States. It offers a debit account that can be opened with more than 100 valid Latin American IDs and an app available in Spanish.

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Visit Común's website or download the app for free to learn more about the full offer and applicable terms.

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Financial Education

How to Handle Lost or Stolen Checks: Steps and Precautions

8 min de lectura

If you lost a check or it was stolen, contact your financial institution right away to request a stop payment. With Común you can lock your card instantly from the app and reach support 24/7 by chat, email, phone, or WhatsApp.

What Is a Check and How Do You Cash It?

Checks are used as a form of payment, allowing individuals and businesses to transfer funds without the need for physical cash. A check is a specific amount of money from the check writer's account assigned to a check recipient (the payee). The check is typically written, dated, and signed, acting as an instrument that directs a bank to pay a recipient.

Before cashing a check, make sure all the details are correct and the check is valid. Verify the payee name, the written amount, the date, and the issuer’s signature. Also sign your name on the back of the check in the designated endorsement area, as this is required for banks to process checks. Take the endorsed check to your bank or use an ATM or mobile banking app if your financial institution offers check deposit services. You may also be asked to provide valid identification.

If you are depositing it, fill out a deposit slip if necessary, and the funds will be credited to your account. If you are cashing it, the bank will give you the amount in cash after deducting any applicable fees. If you deposited the check, it may take a few days for the check to clear and for the funds to become available in your account, depending on your bank’s policies.

Find more information about what a check is and how to cash it here.

Realizing a Check Is Missing: Stay Calm and Act Fast

Losing a check can feel overwhelming, especially if you are new to banking. The first step in handling a lost or stolen check is to stay calm. Panicking will not help, and thinking clearly and quickly is your best ally here. Take a moment to retrace your steps. Sometimes, the check may simply be misplaced rather than lost. Check all possible places where it might be. If it truly has disappeared, it is time to act quickly to prevent any potential misuse of your bank account or savings account.

Contact Your Bank: The First Line of Defense

Your bank or credit union is your best friend in this situation. As soon as you realize a check is missing, contact your bank immediately and begin monitoring bank accounts for signs of identity theft. Most financial institutions have a dedicated customer service line for such emergencies. Be ready to provide account information such as the check number, amount, and the date it was issued. The faster you notify them, the better they can help protect your account from fraudulent activity and identity theft.

Request a Stop Payment on a Lost or Stolen Check

After informing your bank, the next crucial step is to request a stop payment on the lost check. This action prevents the check from being processed if someone tries to cash it. Make sure to file a stop payment request for the lost or stolen check. There may be a fee for this service, but it is a small price to pay for the security it provides. Be sure to obtain confirmation from the bank that the stop payment has been successfully placed on your bank account.

File a Police Report: When to Involve Authorities for Identity Theft

If you suspect your check was stolen, it is important to file a police report with your local police department. This step not only helps with the theft investigation, but also provides you with a record of the incident, which can be useful for bank claims and insurance purposes. When filing the report, provide all relevant details, including any suspicions you may have about mail theft or check fraud. Reporting the incident to the appropriate government agency can also be beneficial in cases of identity theft.

Prevent Future Problems: Best Practices for Check Security

Prevention is always better than cure. To avoid losing checks in the future, consider these best practices:

Keep checks in a safe place: Store your checkbook in a secure but easily accessible location. Keeping it out of sight from prying eyes can help prevent potential theft. Consider using a locked drawer or a safe for added security.

Use electronic payments: Whenever possible, opt for direct deposit or electronic transfers, which are more secure and convenient. Direct deposits not only simplify your payments, but also reduce the risks associated with physical checks, such as mail theft or check fraud. Many financial institutions offer premium accounts with direct deposit options, ensuring your funds are transferred securely and quickly. In addition, you may earn a higher annual percentage yield on your savings and checking balances based on your direct deposit activity and qualifying deposits. To qualify for specific interest rates, you can use direct deposit, which includes payroll, pension, or government payments.

Regularly monitor your accounts: Frequently review your bank statements and account activity for unauthorized transactions or signs of check washing attempts. Set up alerts with your bank or credit union to notify you of any unusual activity. This vigilance is crucial for both your checking and savings balances, helping you detect fraudulent activity early and take immediate action.

Shred old checks: Properly dispose of old or unused checks by shredding them to prevent any misuse. Counterfeit checks are a common problem, and shredding helps keep a secure paper trail. Make sure any document containing your account number or payment information is completely destroyed before discarding it.

Be cautious with the mail: Avoid sending checks through outgoing mail, as this can expose you to the risk of mail theft. Instead, deposit them directly at the post office to ensure they are handled securely. For added security, consider using certified mail for important payments to create a traceable record of your transaction. Alternatively, use P2P transfers or electronic transfers to send money to friends, family, or anyone with a bank account in the U.S., highlighting the speed, simplicity, and security of these transactions.

Educate yourself about check fraud: Familiarize yourself with common check fraud schemes, such as check washing and counterfeit checks. Understanding these threats can help you recognize suspicious activity and protect your finances more effectively.

Protect your account information: Keep your account number, mobile number, and other personal details confidential. Sharing this information carelessly can make you a target for fraud. Always verify the identity of anyone requesting your account details.

By following these steps, you can effectively handle and prevent problems with lost or stolen checks. Remember, acting quickly and keeping your bank informed are key to protecting your finances and preventing someone from attempting fraud using your account information. Adopting these best practices will help you maintain a secure financial environment and give you peace of mind.

Now that you know how to handle lost or stolen checks, it is time to take control of your finances with ease. At Comun.app, we offer secure and easy-to-use solutions so you can manage your money without complications. Open your account in minutes and start enjoying the benefits!

What do I do if I lost a check or it was stolen?

Contact your financial institution right away to report the loss and request a stop payment. Also let the person who issued the check know, since they may need to issue a new one.

How do I lock my card if I suspect fraud?

You can lock your card instantly from the Común app, no phone call needed. Review your recent activity and report any transaction you don't recognize.

How do I contact Común support for an urgent issue?

Común offers 24/7 support through in-app chat, email, phone, and WhatsApp.

Frequently asked questions

What should I do first if I lost a check?

Contact your financial institution right away to request a stop payment, and let the person who issued it know.

Can I lock my Común card myself?

Yes, you can lock it instantly from the app without needing to speak with support first.

How do I report a transaction I don't recognize?

Contact Común support through chat, email, phone, or WhatsApp, available 24/7.

Am I liable if someone cashes a stolen check with a forged signature?

Generally not, if you report it right away to your financial institution; exact protections vary by case.

What do I do if my lost check was already cashed by someone else?

Contact your financial institution and the check issuer right away to start a claim.

How do I prevent losing checks in the future?

Consider receiving payments via direct deposit or electronic transfer instead of paper checks, and store any checks you do receive somewhere secure.

Financial Education

Which one is the best traditional bank in the United States? A Practical Guide for Immigrants

8 min de lectura

Having a bank account is an essential step for people arriving to work in the United States, since it makes it easier for them to manage their salaries and adapt to the country’s financial system.

This can be a complicated process, since in the United States there is a wide variety of financial institutions, such as traditional banks with hundreds of branches, digital banks, and credit unions.

Among the most well-known are Bank of America, Capital One, and Wells Fargo, which enjoy significant recognition in the country. However, it is not possible to name one as the best: this depends on the specific needs of users.

For example, immigrants in the United States look to prioritize ease of account opening, as well as the ability to send remittances to their loved ones.

In this article, we will explain which are the best banks in the U.S., their features, requirements, and everything you need to know before opening an account.

The 6 Best Banks in the United States in 2025

Below, we present a comparative table of the best banks in the U.S.

Bank Strengths For Whom It Is Ideal
JP Morgan Largest network of branches and ATMs, rewards available on credit card People who want easy access to physical branches, along with a variety of financial products
Bank of America Over 3,000 branches, bilingual service in Spanish and English For those who prefer to communicate in Spanish and seek a bank with a solid reputation
Wells Fargo Wide branch coverage, express international transfers People looking for reliable options to send remittances
Citibank International presence, global focus Those who need to make frequent international money transfers
Capital One No monthly fees and no minimum balance Those seeking more accessible and digital options
PNC Over 2,300 branches, mobile app for financial management Those seeking to improve their personal financial management

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How to Choose the Best Bank to Open an Account

If you are about to start your financial life in the United States, choosing a bank where you open an account is a very important decision. Each has its own requirements and benefits, so you should look for the one that best fits your expectations.

These are the most relevant criteria you should analyze before choosing the best option for you.

Accepted Identification

Many banks request the SSN (Social Security Number) to process a bank account, while others accept alternatives such as the ITIN or a passport.

Support and Availability

Although some banks do offer support in other language, like Spanish, not all of them do. Verify that the institution you choose can clearly answer your questions.

Cash Deposits and Withdrawals

If you frequently receive cash payments, it is important that your bank allows you to make cash deposits at branches near you and without fees.

Transfers and Remittances

Sending remittances is a crucial issue for immigrants, so you should review the fees for international money transfers. These are often more expensive in traditional banks due to intermediaries and exchange rates.

Digital Security

Verify that the bank has security measures in digital banking, as well as backing from official institutions such as the FDIC.

5 Digital Finance Platforms in the United States

Beyond traditional banks, you can also turn to digital alternatives, which tend to be more accessible.

Digital banks or financial platforms are institutions that operate online through mobile apps and websites. They do not depend on physical branches and tend to make processes easier in favor of financial inclusion.

There are financial platforms focused on meeting the needs of immigrants in the United States, as they address gaps and obstacles of traditional banks with flexible account-opening requirements, accessible fees for remittance sending, and ease of depositing cash.

Común

Advantages: focused on the needs of immigrants, support available in Spanish, and has accessible account-opening requirements.

Disadvantages: it does not have physical branches or an ATM network, but you will always be able to access your digital money from the palm of your hand, without time restrictions; you can also withdraw and make cash deposits at thousands of locations in the United States.

Ally

Advantages: 100% digital bank with High Interest Rates (APY) on savings accounts.

Disadvantages: it is not possible to make direct deposits.

Axos

Advantages: offers various types of accounts and attainable options for students and immigrants.

Disadvantages: limited support in Spanish.

Chime

Advantages: offers accounts with no monthly fees, ATM network, and payroll advance.

Disadvantages: difficulty in making cash deposits.

Discover

Advantages: offers credit cards with rewards, checking and savings accounts without monthly fees.

Disadvantages: few cash deposit options, and it is not focused on the needs of immigrant communities.

Común: A financial platform for immigrants in the U.S.

As you can see, there is a variety of financial institutions you can turn to, and access to a full range of services such as cash deposits, transfers, financial management, etc.

That is why you must be clear about what you are looking for in a U.S. bank account and how you could meet your needs.

Most traditional banks tend to have stricter requirements and higher operating costs. For this reason, many immigrants consider digital financial platforms as an alternative, since they are often more accessible and designed with services that address their needs.

Común is a fintech platform that can support you in starting your financial journey in the United States, offering benefits such as:

  • Open your account with the qualified official identification from your country of origin
  • Forget about hidden fees and minimum balances 
  • Send money to your loved ones in Latin America for a fee starting at $2.99 USD (up to the applicable limits)
  • Access a network of more than 88,000 locations for cash deposits and withdrawals
  • Access Spanish-language support available 24 hours a day
  • Get a Visa debit card
  • Manage your finances from a comprehensive and easy-to-use mobile app

Open your account today and start sending money through Común’s mobile app.

Frequently Asked Questions

If you have more questions, check our FAQ section.

Which is the safest bank in the U.S.?

FDIC insurance is relevant to determine if a bank is safe. Traditional banks have this backing, as do digital banks like Revolut (through Sutton Bank) and fintech platforms such as Común.

Which bank charges fewer monthly fees for a bank account?

Many digital banks and fintech platforms, including Común, often offer competitive rates. This can be due to lower operating costs, since they do not maintain physical branches. However, fees and account features vary by provider.

Living in the United States

How many numbers does a Social Security Number have? Format, meaning, and difference from an ITIN

8 min de lectura

How many numbers does a Social Security Number have? Format, meaning, and difference from an ITIN

The Social Security number (SSN) has 9 digits and is written in the format of XXX-XX-XXXX (for example 123-45-6789). An SSN is used to track earnings for taxes and benefits, access Social Security benefits, and verify identity for many activities such as applying for jobs, banking, accessing credit, and obtaining government services. It's one of the most sensitive personal identifiers in the U.S. You can find this number on your Social Security card, tax documents, and certain official government records.

What does each part of the Social Security number mean?

Historically, the SSN had meaning in each section. It followed a structure where the first three digits (known as the area number) were originally linked to the location where the SSN was issued. This was followed by the middle two digits (the group number), which had an administrative purpose. The last four digits (the serial number) were unique identifiers.

However, since 2011, these numbers no longer reflect location or order and are assigned using a 'randomization' system. The last four digits are often used for partial identity verification by financial institutions such as banks or credit unions, credit card issuers, government agencies, and healthcare providers.

How do I know if my SSN is valid?

There's no public tool to fully verify an SSN. You can confirm that it follows the 9-digit format, but official verification is performed through the Social Security Administration.

What is the Social Security number used for?

The SSN is a primary tax and financial identification number in the U.S. It is used across employment, financial, and government systems. Key uses include:

  • Employment & Taxes: Required by employers for payroll processing and reporting income to the government
  • Access to Government Benefits: Used by the Social Security Administration (SSA) to track lifetime earnings and determine eligibility for benefits, including retirement, disability, and Medicare
  • Financial Services: Banks and financial institutions may require an SSN to open accounts and report interest income
  • Credit & Loans: Credit bureaus use it to track credit history, and lenders use it to access creditworthiness
  • Identification: Used by certain government agencies, for example the Department of Motor Vehicles in some states and for background checks

SSN vs. ITIN: What's the difference?

If you are not eligible for a Social Security Number (SSN) but have a U.S. federal tax obligation, you may need to apply for an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). Even though they are both nine digit numbers, they serve different purposes. The SSN is a nine-digit identification number issued to U.S. citizens and certain individuals authorized to work in the U.S. to report wages, access benefits, and establish credit history. An ITIN, on the other hand, is a tax processing number issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to individuals who are not eligible for an SSN but need to file U.S. tax returns.

Here are some key points to keep in mind:

  • The ITIN also has 9 digits and typically starts with the number 9, the format 9XX-XX-XXXX
  • The SSN is issued by the Social Security Administration, while the ITIN is issued by the IRS
  • An SSN is generally issued to individuals authorized to work in the U.S., while an ITIN is used by individuals who need to meet tax obligations but are not eligible for an SSN
  • An ITIN does not, by itself, authorize employment in the U.S. Work eligibility depends on immigration status and applicable laws

Both SSNs and ITINs may be accepted by some financial institutions to open checking or savings accounts, subject to each institution's policies.

Can I open a bank account without a SSN?

Policies vary by financial institution, but it may be possible. It can be challenging for newly arrived immigrants to open a bank account without an SSN; however, some institutions offer alternatives.

For example, certain banks may allow in-person account opening using an ITIN. Some community-focused credit unions may accept either an SSN or an ITIN. Other providers, such as Común, may offer digital account opening with more than 100 Latin American IDs.

Results may vary. For a complete list of eligible IDs and application requirements, follow this link to Común's Help Center.

How can you protect your Social Security number?

Your SSN is highly sensitive information, and protecting it is important to reduce the risk of identity theft. Here are some general tips:

  • Whenever possible, avoid carrying the physical card. Try to keep the document in a safe place at home
  • Avoid sharing your SSN unless it is necessary and you trust the requesting party
  • Monitor your financial accounts and credit reports regularly for unauthorized activity
  • Contact the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) if you suspect your SSN has been compromised

As a newly arrived immigrant, dealing with documentation can feel overwhelming. However, the good news is that you don't necessarily need to wait for an SSN to begin addressing your banking needs in the United States. Común's app is available in Spanish. Visit comun.app to learn more about account requirements.

FAQ

Can a Social Security number be changed?

Generally no, except in some exceptional cases, as determined by the Social Security Administration.

Do children born in the U.S. automatically receive a Social Security Number (SSN)?

An SSN is not issued automatically, but can be requested when the birth is registered.

How many digits does an ITIN have?

An ITIN has 9 digits, and typically starts with the number 9.

Is it mandatory to have an SSN to live in the United States?

No, an SSN is not required for residency.

Can I use someone else's Social Security number?

No, it's illegal and can result in serious legal consequences.

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Financial Education

5 requirements to renew your Mexican passport in the U.S.

8 min de lectura

Everything you need to know to renew your Mexican passport

Living far from your country carries a set of family, social, and legal responsibilities—from keeping up with loved ones to complying with immigration laws.

Mexican community  is  one of the largest in the United States,so it’s essential for immigrants living there to renew their passports to avoid potential issues that could affect their stability.

If you hold a Mexican passport and have recently discovered your Mexican passport is about to expire, this guide is for you! Below we explain, step by step, how to renew it from the United States and why keeping it valid matters.

Why keeping your Mexican passport valid matters

The passport is one of the most important official documents for anyone; it serves not only as identification but also as the document that allows you to enter and leave countries.

Why is it important to renew your passport?

  • Avoid travel delays 

Before you buy a ticket or pack your bags, check the expiration date on your passport and your family’s. Remember that airlines generally require at least 6 months’ validity.

  • Handle consular procedures 

A passport is essential for immigration procedures you may need in the U.S., such as visas and permanent residence processing.

  • Serves as official ID 

A passport is one of the documents most often required to identify yourself and to complete important banking and legal procedures such as opening a bank account, getting a Social Security Number, or a driver’s license.

  • Avoid legal issues 

An expired passport could cause problems with U.S. immigration authorities and, in turn, jeopardize your ability to remain in the country.

Who can renew their Mexican passport in the United States?

The following documents are basic requirements to obtain a new passport: 

  • Previous passport, even if expired. 
  • Mexican birth certificate.
  • Valid official ID.
  • CURP (Unique Population Registry Code).

However, the renewal process varies slightly depending on the applicant’s profile.

Adults (18 and over) 

Adults can complete the Mexican passport renewal process directly at a Mexican consulate in the U.S. 

In most cases you must book an appointment in advance via the MiConsulado portal.

Minors 

For minors, renewal involves a few additional steps. 

Additional documentation:

  • School ID or proof of enrollment. 
  • Proof of address for the parents. 

Both parents must attend the appointment and sign the authorization. If one cannot attend, a notarized authorization is required.

People with disabilities 

People with disabilities can also renew their Mexican passport under the following criteria. 

Additional documentation: 

  • Medical certificate proving the disability.
  • If the person cannot legally sign the authorization, parents or guardians must appear with identification proving their status. 

Note that some Mexican consulates offer priority services for these needs.

5 requirements and documents needed to renew your Mexican passport

Before booking a consular appointment, make sure you meet the requirements to renew your Mexican passport.

1. Previous passport 

  • For minors, include the authorization signed by both parents. 
  • In cases of theft or loss, a special declaration is required.
  • Passports issued before 1995 may not be digitized in the Foreign Affairs Ministry database, so additional documentation may be required.

2. Certified birth certificate 

This is a basic document proving Mexican nationality. Make sure you obtain a certified copy issued by the Civil Registry.

3. CURP 

The Unique Population Registry Code (CURP) is essential to confirm personal data.

4. Required payment 

Note the latest update to Mexican passport government fees. 

Fees (validity — estimated consular fee): • 3 years — $99.00 • 6 years — $133.00 • 10 years — $203.00 

Passport validity

Consular fee in U.S. dollars

3 years

$99.00

6 years

$133.00

10 years

$203.00

You must pay the fee on the day of your appointment. Commonly accepted methods: cash, debit or credit card, and money order. You’ll generally receive your passport the same day, unless there’s an issue with the documentation or information must be verified.

5. Original identification 

You may present an INE card, driver’s license, High-Security Consular ID, or school IDs.

Renewal can only be done at authorized Mexican consulates. While you may book at any Mexican consulate in the U.S., some may have operational restrictions.

How to book your appointment and what to expect on renewal day

Step 1. Book the appointment 

Booking an appointment is essential to renew your passport. 

Step 2. Prepare your documents 

Make sure you have all required documents. If you have children or care for a person with disabilities, remember you’ll need the additional documentation.

Step 3. Attend the appointment

Arrive on time and present your documents in order. Once processed, you’ll receive your passport.

Additional tips to renew your Mexican passport without setbacks

An expired passport could cause easily avoidable setbacks and difficulties. Below are some tips to help you keep your official documentation up to date.

  • Check your passport’s validity in advance before planning trips: don’t forget to take the expiration date into account. Consider setting reminders on your phone 6 months before it expires.
  • Make copies of all important documents: it’s essential to keep backups of your official documents. Also consider digitizing them for convenience.
  • Use only the SRE’s official channels to book appointments; if you have questions, contact the SRE’s official channels only.
  • Arrive early to your appointment and organize your documents in a folder: avoid day-of delays that could slow your process.
  • Verify the payment method and fees before your appointment: if you’re not sure whether your preferred payment method is accepted at the consulate, ask directly before your appointment.

Común: the next step after renewing your passport

Throughout this article, we showed how and why renewing your Mexican passport matters to avoid issues with U.S. authorities and delays in your plans. We also explained the application process, requirements, and practical tips.

Just as a valid Mexican passport opens the door to international travel and access to official services, a checking account with Común opens the door to financial stability in the United States.

Why choose Común as your financial ally?

  • Open your checking account at Común with your passport or another qualifying official ID from your country of origin.
  • Mobile app available in Spanish, intuitive and secure.
  • Remittance transfers to Mexico and Latin America in a simple way and with clear, competitive fees

Común is the platform that understands the needs of people living between two countries. Your passport connects with your own identity, and Común connects your money with your family across borders.

Open your checking account with Común today and start sending money from the U.S. easily, safely, and affordably!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, see this section.

Can I pay for my Mexican passport renewal with a credit card at the consulate?

Yes, credit card is an accepted payment method.

How do I renew my Mexican passport if it was stolen or lost in the U.S.?

You must present a theft or loss report issued by the local police and complete the loss declaration form at the consulate.

What documents do I need to renew my Mexican passport in the United States if I am a minor?

Mexican birth certificate, official ID, official IDs for both parents or guardians, and their in-person presence at the consulate.

Do I need a specific immigration status to renew my Mexican passport in the U.S.?

The passport is a right of Mexican citizenship, and you do not need to have any specific U.S. immigration status.

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International Money Transfers

How long does an international money transfer take? Business days, time zones, and type of transfer

8 min de lectura

If you need to send money to your home country from the United States, it is important to consider how long an international money transfer takes. In general, the processing time for this type of operation is usually 1 to 5 business days.

However, this depends on several factors, such as the payment system, the banks involved, the currency conversion, and the holidays in between.

That is why it is important to know the different types of international money transfers available, the advantages and disadvantages of each one, and, of course, how long they take to deliver the money to its destination.

Below, we offer you a guide to answer those questions so you can send money home as quickly and safely as possible.

What is an international money transfer and how long does it usually take?

First of all, an international transfer is the sending of money to a bank entity located outside the country of the originating account. Unlike domestic transfers, international transfers involve additional banking systems, such as the SWIFT networks, which can increase costs and processing times in many cases.

There are several factors that influence the total time an international money transfer takes, but in general, it takes 1 to 5 business days.

For example, one relevant aspect that influences this is the system used, whether SWIFT or SEPA, which have different conditions and characteristics.

SWIFT Transfers

The SWIFT system is the largest network: it connects thousands of traditional banks worldwide to send money from one country to another through secure mechanisms.

Characteristics of the SWIFT system

  • In general, it takes 3 to 5 days to complete money transfers.
  • The involvement of intermediary banks is common, which can generate additional fees.
  • It is useful for sending money in different currencies, although it implies disadvantages in time and costs.
  • To use this system, check the SWIFT code of the receiving bank.

SEPA Transfer

On the other hand, the SEPA system is focused on international money transfers within the European Union.

Characteristics of the SEPA system

  • International money transfers are usually completed in 1 business day.
  • Fees are more affordable compared to the SWIFT system.
  • This system works exclusively in the SEPA area, and for transactions in euros.

As you can see, both the SWIFT and SEPA systems are useful for making international money transfers safely. Although for those living in the United States, the latter is not recommended due to its geographic limitations.

Here is a comparison table:

SWIFT SEPA
Time 3 to 5 business days 1 business day
Cost Expensive, due to the involvement of intermediaries Affordable
Geographic availability Worldwide Exclusively in Europe

Factors that influence the time of an international money transfer

The time an international money transfer takes is not fixed. It varies according to the type of transfer and other elements involved in the operation.

Here is what you need to know to estimate how long it will take for your money to reach your loved ones.

Payment system

So far, we have presented the SWIFT system, which takes 3 to 5 business days, and SEPA, which is generally reflected the next business day.

In addition, there are ACH (Automated Clearing House) transfers, which are a more common system in the U.S., characterized by being a more economical option, although the process usually takes 2 to 3 business days.

Intermediary banks

There are cases in which the financial institutions participating in an international money transfer do not have a direct relationship with each other, so they need to involve intermediary banks. This, in addition to increasing costs, lengthens transfer times, because it makes the operation take longer than usual.

Cut-off times and business days

Another essential aspect is the cut-off time banks have for executing transactions. If you send money after this time, the operation is processed the next business day.

Also, do not forget to take into account the holidays of both the sending country and the receiving country, which also extend the waiting time.

Currency conversion and destination country

When sending money from the United States to your home country in Latin America, the bank will need to make the corresponding currency exchange and apply an exchange rate. This also usually adds time to the international money transfer process.

Security verifications and compliance controls

Banks often carry out security checks to prevent money laundering and fraud, especially when large amounts are involved.

What information do you need to make an international money transfer?

You are almost ready to start sending money abroad. But first, it is very important that you make sure you have the necessary information to process this type of transfer. Otherwise, the transfer could be rejected or take longer than usual.

Sender’s information

You will need to provide your basic personal information: full name, bank account, official address, and phone number.

Beneficiary’s information

It is also essential to provide the details of the person who will receive the money: full name, recipient’s account number, address, and country of origin.

Bank codes

  • IBAN: for transfers within the European Union.
  • SWIFT/BIC code: for transfers in most of the world, including the United States.

Amount and currency

Indicate the amount of the transfer and the currency in which it will be received.

Purpose or payment reference

Finally, indicate the purpose of the transfer. It may be: maintenance payment, family support, family savings, etc.

How can you speed up an international money transfer?

We know that sending money to your family and loved ones is very important, which is why it is vital that you avoid mistakes and bad practices that could delay your transfers even more.

  • Verify that the beneficiary’s details are complete and correct: check that your recipient’s details are written as they appear on their official identification.
  • Make the transfer before the bank’s cut-off time: remember that doing it after this time causes the transfer to be processed the next business day.
  • Avoid sending money on weekends or holidays: try to send money on business days to avoid delays.
  • Consider using specialized remittance services with faster processes: there are alternative services that offer better conditions than traditional banks.

Make your international money transfers quickly and safely with Común

This time, we learned that international transfers are money transfers made from one country to another, and there are several factors involved in the time they take to be completed.

Are you looking for a way to send money home without complications?

Discover Común, the digital platform that connects you with your family through a service that understands your needs.

Make your first international money transfer, forget about hidden fees, and get transparent rate so your loved ones receive more for less.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, check our FAQ.

What is the average time of an international money transfer?

Approximately 1 to 5 business days.

Why do some transfers take longer than usual?

It depends on the system used, the involvement of intermediaries, the currency exchange, and other factors. That is why you should make sure to check the estimated time before sending your money, to see if it fits your timing and needs.

Can I send money on weekends?

Yes, but it will be processed the next business day in most cases.

Checking account

Transaction Limits and Declined Transactions: Understanding Why Your Transactions May Be Declined

8 min de lectura

Declined: Why?

Picture this: you're in the checkout line, ready to pay for your purchases. You've carefully budgeted for the week, and now it's time to swipe your card. But instead of the usual approval sound, you hear something different, and the cashier tells you your transaction has been declined. Embarrassed and confused, you reach for another card or cash, wondering what went wrong.

Transaction Limits

Every bank and financial institution imposes certain transaction limits to ensure security and manage risk. These limits can vary depending on the type of transaction:

  • Daily Withdrawal Limits: There may be a limit on how much cash you can withdraw from an ATM in a single day.
  • Purchase Limits: Transactions made with your debit or credit card may have a maximum limit per transaction or per day.
  • Transfer Limits: Transfers between accounts, especially international ones, often have set limits to prevent fraud.

If your transaction exceeds these predefined limits, it will be declined. Always check your bank's policy on transaction limits and plan your transactions accordingly.

Incorrect PIN Entry and Fraud Protection Rules

Your Personal Identification Number (PIN) is crucial for authorizing transactions. However, if the PIN is entered incorrectly more than four times, the transaction will be automatically declined. This is a security measure to prevent unauthorized access to your account.

If you forget your PIN, you can easily retrieve it through your banking app in the cards section. Be sure to memorize it or store it securely to avoid repeated declines.

To protect customers against fraud, banks have rules to block transactions that appear suspicious. These can include:

  • Unusual Spending Patterns: Large or out-of-the-ordinary transactions can trigger a block.
  • Geographic Restrictions: Transactions from locations far from your usual activity may be flagged.
  • Repeated Declines: Multiple declines or failed attempts can lead to a temporary block.

If you're planning a large purchase or traveling internationally, notify your bank in advance to avoid unnecessary declines.

Cash Deposits and Insufficient Balance

When depositing cash at an ATM, it's important to know that deposits generally can only be made into checking accounts and at specific ATMs like Allpoint+. Trying to deposit cash at a different ATM or into a savings account will result in an error. Always check the account type and ATM capabilities before attempting a deposit.

Additionally, one of the most common reasons for a declined transaction is insufficient balance. Make sure you have enough funds in your account before making a transaction. You can easily check your balance using your banking app. Regularly monitoring your account helps avoid declined transactions and possible overdraft fees.

Común - Banking Designed for Your Life in the USA

Open your bank account¹ in 3 minutes with your country's ID²

Open your account

Card Activation or Card Locking

When you receive a new physical card, it must be activated before use. Until it's activated, any attempt to use the card will be declined. Activation can usually be done quickly through your banking app in the cards section. Follow your bank's instructions to make sure your card is ready to use.

On the other hand, for security reasons, you may need to lock your card if it's lost, stolen, or if you suspect fraudulent activity. This can easily be done through your banking app in the cards section. Locking the card prevents any unauthorized transactions and gives you control over your account's security.

[Image: credit card — keep as-is]

Understanding Declined Transactions

Beyond the common reasons, there are additional factors that can lead to a declined transaction:

  • Credit Limit: If you've reached your card's credit limit, any additional transaction will be declined. You can request a credit limit increase from your card issuer if you frequently reach your limit.
  • Incorrect Payment Information: Make sure the billing address, card number, and expiration date entered are correct. An incorrect credit card number or billing address will result in a declined transaction.
  • Expired Card: Using an expired card will lead to a declined transaction. Always check the expiration date and update your payment method with a new card when needed.
  • Suspected Fraud: Banks may decline transactions they suspect are fraudulent. This includes transactions in a different city or country. You can contact your bank to resolve fraud alerts and authorize the transaction.
  • Insufficient Available Credit: For credit card transactions, make sure you have enough available credit to cover the purchase. Monitoring your remaining balance can help avoid declines.
  • Temporary and Final Declines: Temporary declines (soft declines) are temporary and can be retried, while final declines (hard declines) are definitive and require contacting the issuing bank for resolution.

We'll teach you everything you need to know about bank accounts in the United States.

Conclusion

Understanding the reasons behind declined transactions can help you manage your finances more effectively and avoid unnecessary stress. By familiarizing yourself with transaction limits, using your PIN correctly, being aware of fraud protection measures, ensuring a sufficient balance, activating new cards, and knowing how to lock your card if needed, you can ensure smoother, safer banking experiences. Stay proactive with your banking habits and use the tools your bank provides to stay in control of your financial activity.

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Instant payments

How to send money to someone using Zelle from Común: 2026 guide

8 min de lectura

With Común you can link a debit card from another U.S. bank to your account — no Común physical card required — to send and receive money right away, even if you don't have funds in your balance.

How do I link an external card to my Común account?

In the app, go to the external cards section and add your debit card from another U.S. bank (Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Chase, or another). Común verifies the card is yours with a micro-deposit of less than $1.00 that you confirm in the app — we'll never ask for your bank password.

What can I do once the card is linked?

Send and receive payments and remittances using that card, even if your Común balance is $0. This is useful if you just opened your account and don't have your physical card yet, or if you prefer to keep your main money in another bank while using Común to move payments.

What cards can I link?

Valid debit cards, issued in the U.S., in your name, that allow sending and receiving funds. You can add up to 2 cards during your first 60 days with the account. Credit and prepaid cards aren't accepted.

Frequently asked questions

Do I need my physical Común card to send money?

No, if you have a linked external card, you can send and receive money right away without it.

Which banks can I link?

Any U.S. bank that issues debit cards in your name — Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Chase, and many others.

How does Común verify the card is mine?

With a micro-deposit of less than $1.00 to the linked account, which you confirm in the app. That money is yours to keep.

How many external cards can I add?

Up to 2 debit cards during your first 60 days with the account.

Why was my card rejected?

The most common reasons: the name doesn't match your account, it's a credit card, or it wasn't issued in the U.S.

Is it safe to link an external card?

Yes — Común never asks for your bank password or sensitive information during the process.

Immigration

Benefits of Having an ITIN in the U.S. for Non-Citizens

8 min de lectura

How to get an ITIN

The ITIN is obtained through IRS Form W-7 along with identity and foreign status documentation. A passport is the only document that satisfies both requirements on its own. The process takes between 7 and 11 weeks.

1. It allows federal tax filing

The ITIN allows you to file tax returns with the IRS, including claiming credits such as the Child Tax Credit and the Earned Income Tax Credit.

2. Access to credit and financial services

Some banks and credit unions accept an ITIN as an alternative ID to an SSN for opening accounts. Platforms like Común do not require either an SSN or an ITIN.

3. It facilitates business operations

For entrepreneurs, the ITIN is vital for filing business taxes and applying for an Employer Identification Number (EIN).

4. It supports residence and immigration processes

Consistently filing taxes with an ITIN can demonstrate good moral character, a factor considered in some immigration cases.

5. It helps establish identity and secure income

In the absence of an SSN, the ITIN is recognized by financial institutions and government agencies as a valid identification number.

6. Access to state services and benefits

In some states, the ITIN allows access to a driver’s license, health insurance, or in-state college tuition rates.

7. It protects against tax identity theft

Using the ITIN consistently links your tax data to your identification number, reducing the risk that someone files a return in your name.

Frequently asked questions about ITIN benefits

What is the ITIN used for in daily life?

The ITIN allows you to file tax returns with the IRS, claim tax credits such as the Child Tax Credit, open bank accounts at institutions that accept it, and in some states access services such as driver’s licenses or in-state tuition. It is the tax identification number for those who do not qualify for an SSN.

Does the ITIN give me the same rights as an SSN?

No. The ITIN is exclusively for tax purposes. It does not authorize you to work legally in the U.S., does not generate Social Security credits, does not provide automatic access to federal benefits such as Medicare or unemployment, and is not equivalent to an SSN for most government procedures. It is a tool for tax inclusion, not immigration status.

Does filing taxes with an ITIN affect me in an immigration process?

In general, filing taxes with an ITIN can be beneficial in immigration processes because it demonstrates a history of tax compliance and “good moral character,” one of the criteria evaluated in some adjustment-of-status cases. However, the impact varies by case — consult an immigration attorney before using it as an immigration strategy.

Can I open a bank account with an ITIN?

Some banks do accept an ITIN. Bank of America and certain local banks have specific programs for ITIN holders. However, many large banks require an SSN. Alternatives like Común do not require either an SSN or an ITIN — they accept a passport, consular ID, or other Latin American IDs for immediate account opening.

Does the ITIN help me access credit in the U.S.?

Yes, partially. Some credit card issuers and lenders accept an ITIN. Certain mortgage programs (ITIN loans) allow you to buy a home without an SSN. Building credit history with an ITIN is possible, although more limited than with an SSN. Credit built with an ITIN generally does not automatically transfer if you later obtain an SSN.

How do I apply for an ITIN if I have never had one?

You submit IRS Form W-7 along with identity and foreign-status documentation — a passport is the only document that satisfies both requirements on its own. You can mail it with your tax return, go in person to an IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center, or apply through an authorized Certifying Acceptance Agent (CAA), which is the fastest and safest method.

Immigration

Bank Fees for Immigrants: Common vs. Competitors

8 min de lectura

For immigrants in the U.S., bank fees can amount to hundreds of dollars a year. Común stands out by offering a monthly-fee-free account, no minimum balance, and no SSN requirement. Compared with competitors like Seis and Majority, Común eliminates fixed fees while still providing full services in Spanish.

Choosing the right bank account can save you hundreds of dollars a year. For the immigrant community in the U.S., comparing fees is especially important because many traditional accounts charge fees that directly affect the monthly budget. We analyzed the main options available.

Fees at Traditional Banks

Major U.S. banks such as Bank of America, Chase, and Wells Fargo charge between $6 and $25 per month to maintain a checking account, with minimum balance requirements of $1,500 to $25,000 to avoid those fees. They also charge overdraft fees ($35 per transaction), out-of-network ATM withdrawal fees ($2.50-$5 per withdrawal), and international transfer fees ($25-$45 per wire transfer). For a newly arrived immigrant without credit history or a high balance, these costs add up quickly.

Común: No-Fee Account for Immigrants

Común offers a checking account with no monthly fee, no minimum balance required, and no overdraft penalty in many cases. It does not require an SSN — it accepts a passport, consular ID, and more than 100 Latin American IDs. Customer service is completely in Spanish. Account opening takes minutes from a mobile phone. It allows instant domestic transfers at no cost between Común users. It is the option designed specifically for the Latino community in the U.S.

Majority: Monthly Membership with International Benefits

Majority charges $5.99 per month as a base membership (down from $14.99). In return, it offers unlimited international calls to selected countries, roaming mobile data in more than 50 countries, and discounts at participating merchants. If you actively use international calling and travel benefits, the membership may be worth it. However, if you only need a basic bank account, you are paying for services you may not use.

Seis: Account for Visa Workers

Seis is designed for expats and visa workers in the U.S. It offers an account without an SSN using a visa and passport. Fees vary by plan: the basic account has limits on the number of free transactions. It is more geared toward professionals with work visas (H-1B, L-1) than the immigrant community at large. Its interface is available in multiple languages, including Spanish.

Direct Fee Comparison

In terms of monthly fee, Común charges $0, Majority charges $5.99/month, and traditional banks charge between $6 and $25. The minimum balance requirement is $0 at Común, $0 at Majority, and between $1,500 and $25,000 at traditional banks. Regarding SSN requirement, Común does not require it, Majority does not either, while traditional banks generally do. All three have FDIC or equivalent deposit protection.

Which Option Is Best for You?

If you are looking for the account with the lowest total fees and do not need unlimited international calls, Común is the most economical option. If you travel frequently or call abroad often, Majority’s membership may be worth it. Traditional banks only make sense if you already have the required minimum balance or if you need specific services such as mortgages or investment accounts.

Frequently Asked Questions About Bank Fees

What bank fees are most common in the U.S.?

The most common are: monthly maintenance fee ($6-$25), overdraft fee ($35 per transaction), out-of-network ATM fee ($2.50-$5), and international wire transfer fees ($25-$45). Digital banks like Común eliminate most of these fees.

Can I avoid bank fees at a traditional bank?

Yes, usually by maintaining a monthly minimum balance (which varies by bank and account type), receiving direct payroll deposit, or being a student. However, for immigrants without credit history or with variable income, meeting these requirements can be difficult at first.

Are ATM fees unavoidable?

No. Multiple digital banks offer free access to ATM networks (Allpoint, MoneyPass) with thousands of fee-free locations across the U.S. Común provides access to fee-free ATMs within its network. Outside the network, typical charges are $2.50-$5 from the ATM plus whatever your bank charges.

What is an overdraft fee and how can I avoid it?

An overdraft fee occurs when you spend more money than you have in your account and the bank covers the difference by charging you a penalty (typically $35). You can avoid it by activating low-balance alerts, linking a savings account as backup, or choosing a bank that does not charge overdraft fees — some digital accounts decline the transaction instead of charging a penalty.

Is it worth paying a monthly membership for a bank account?

It depends on the included benefits. A $5.99-$14.99 monthly membership may be worth it if it includes services you actively use (international calling, travel insurance, cashback). If you only need an account for deposits, payments, and transfers, a free account like Común is more cost-effective.

Financial Education

Money Transfer Scams: How to Recognize and Avoid Them

8 min de lectura

Understanding Money Transfer Scams

Money transfer scams are fraudulent schemes designed to trick people into sending money or sharing sensitive financial information. These scams can happen through various channels, including emails, phone calls, text messages, and even social media. Scammers often pose as legitimate entities, like banks, government agencies, or trusted companies, to earn the victim's trust and prompt immediate action.

Common Tactics Used in Money Transfer Scams

  • Impersonation: Scammers often pose as credible entities to make their requests seem legitimate. They may pretend to be from your bank, a government agency, or even a friend or family member in trouble.
  • Urgency and Fear: Scammers create a sense of urgency or fear, insisting immediate action must be taken. This tactic pressures victims into making hasty decisions without proper verification.
  • Emotional Manipulation: Many scams exploit the victim's emotions. For example, a scammer might claim a loved one is in trouble and needs money right away.
  • Phishing: Scammers use emails or messages that appear to be from legitimate sources to steal personal information, like login credentials or bank details.

Impact of Money Transfer Scams

The consequences of falling victim to a money transfer scam can be severe:

  • Financial Loss: The most direct impact is losing money, which can range from a few dollars to substantial sums.
  • Identity Theft: Scammers can use stolen information to commit identity theft, leading to further financial and legal complications.
  • Emotional Stress: Victims often experience significant stress and anxiety after realizing they've been scammed.

Understanding these tactics and their potential impact is the first step to protecting yourself from money transfer scams. Learn about Común account security

Types of Scams

Money transfer scams come in several forms, each with unique methods for deceiving victims. Below are two common types of scams to be aware of:

They Send You a Check in Exchange for a Return Payment

In this scam, the victim receives a check, often for a large amount, with instructions to deposit it into their bank account. The scammer then asks the victim to send part of the money back to them or to a third party, usually under the pretext of covering fees, taxes, or another made-up reason.

How It Works:

  • Receiving the Check: The scammer sends a check that looks real, often claiming it's an overpayment, a prize, or some other reason.
  • Depositing the Check: The victim deposits the check into their account. Initially, the bank may credit the amount to the victim's account, making it appear the funds are available.
  • Return Payment Request: The scammer then asks the victim to send back a portion of the funds before the check fully clears.
  • Returned Check: Eventually, the check is returned as fraudulent, leaving the victim responsible for the full amount, including the money they sent to the scammer.

Warning Signs:

  • Receiving a check from an unknown source.
  • Instructions to send money or gift cards in return.
  • Pressure to act quickly before verifying the check's authenticity.

They Ask for a Confirmation Code Before Withdrawing Funds

In this scam, the scammer poses as a legitimate company or financial institution and contacts the victim, asking them to provide a confirmation code to verify their identity or complete a transaction.

How It Works:

  • Initial Contact: The scammer contacts the victim, often through a phone call, text message, or email, posing as a representative of a trusted entity.
  • Confirmation Code Request: The victim is asked to provide a confirmation code, usually sent to their phone or email.
  • Unauthorized Access: Once the victim provides the code, the scammer uses it to access the victim's bank account or complete an unauthorized transaction.
  • Withdrawal of Funds: The scammer withdraws funds from the victim's account, leaving them with financial losses.

Warning Signs:

  • Unexpected requests for confirmation codes or personal information.
  • Calls or messages claiming urgent verification needs.
  • Requests to share codes sent to your phone or email, especially if you didn't initiate any transaction.

By understanding these specific types of money transfer scams, you can better protect yourself and recognize warning signs when they come up.

How to Avoid Money Transfer Scams

Avoiding money transfer scams requires vigilance and following certain best practices. Here are some essential tips to help protect you from falling victim to these fraudulent schemes.

Never Send Money to Someone You Don't Know

One of the most important rules to remember is to never send money to someone you don't personally know. Scammers often pose as legitimate businesses or people in urgent need, but once the money is sent, it's nearly impossible to get it back.

Key Points:

  • Verify Identity: Always verify the identity of the person or organization requesting the transfer. Use official contact information to confirm their legitimacy.
  • Question the Request: Be skeptical of any request to send money, especially if it comes from someone you haven't dealt with before or don't know in person.
  • Consult Trusted Sources: Before sending money, check with friends, family, or financial advisors for a second opinion.

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Remember: Money Transfers Are Like Sending Cash

Money transfers are a convenient way to send money, but they're also irreversible and can be easily exploited by scammers. Treat money transfers with the same caution you'd use with cash transactions. Learn how to make international transfers

Key Points:

  • Understand the Risks: Money sent via transfer is money that's gone. Unlike credit card transactions, money transfers don't have fraud protection or dispute mechanisms.
  • Use Alternative Methods: For transactions with unknown parties, consider using payment methods with better security and fraud protection, like credit cards or payment platforms like PayPal.
  • Double-Check Details: Before completing a money transfer service, double-check all the recipient's details to ensure accuracy and legitimacy.

Verify Identity and Authenticate Transactions

Verifying the identity of the parties involved in a transaction and ensuring the transaction itself is authentic are crucial steps to preventing money transfer scams. Scammers often rely on impersonation and fake transactions to deceive victims.

User Authentication at the Point of Purchase

Implementing strong user authentication methods at the point of purchase can significantly reduce fraud risk. This involves verifying the buyer's identity before completing the transaction.

Effective Authentication Methods:

  • Biometric Verification: Use biometric data, like fingerprints or facial recognition, for added security during transactions.
  • Secure Payment Gateways: Use secure payment gateways that offer robust authentication processes.
  • Verification Codes: Require verification codes sent to the user's mobile device or email before completing the purchase.

Be Cautious When Transferring Money

Exercising caution and diligence when transferring money is essential to avoid scams. Here are some tips to keep in mind:

  • Double-Check Recipient Details: Always double-check the recipient's information before starting a transfer. Make sure the name, account number, and routing or control number are accurate.
  • Avoid Public Wi-Fi: Only complete financial transactions on secure, private networks. Public Wi-Fi can be easily compromised by scammers.
  • Limit Transfer Amounts: If possible, limit how much money you transfer at once, especially when dealing with new or unknown parties.

Protect Your Bank Account

Protecting your bank account from unauthorized access is vital to preventing financial losses due to scams.

Security Measures:

  • Strong Passwords: Use complex, unique passwords for your bank accounts. Avoid easy-to-guess information, like birthdates or common words.
  • Regular Monitoring: Regularly monitor your bank statements and account activity for suspicious transactions.
  • Account Alerts: Set up account alerts to notify you of large withdrawals, suspicious activity, or login attempts from unrecognized devices.
  • Secure Devices: Make sure your devices are protected with up-to-date antivirus software and that you use secure browsers for online banking.

By following these guidelines and putting these security measures in place, you can significantly reduce your risk of falling victim to money transfer scams.

Recovering From a Money Transfer Scam

If you suspect you've fallen victim to a money transfer scam, it's crucial to act quickly to limit any potential damage and increase your chances of recovering lost funds. Here are the steps to take to address the situation:

What Are the Steps to Recover Funds From Money Transfer Scams?

Contact Your Bank Immediately

The first and most critical step to recovering from a money transfer scam is contacting your bank. Here's what to do:

  • Provide Details: Give your bank all the information about the transaction, including dates, amounts, and any communication with the scammer.
  • Request an Investigation: Ask the bank to investigate the transaction. They may have specific procedures for handling fraud cases.
  • Follow Up: Stay in regular contact with your bank to stay updated on the investigation's progress and any action they take.

Report to Authorities

  • File a Report: Report the scam to your local law enforcement agency. Give them all the details and any evidence you have.
  • Contact Federal Agencies: In the United States, report the scam to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3). These agencies can help investigate the fraud and potentially recover funds.

Notify Your Employer

If the scam involves your workplace or business accounts, notify your employer right away. They may have additional resources or protocols to help mitigate the impact.

Monitor Your Accounts

  • Watch for Unauthorized Activity: Closely monitor your bank accounts and credit reports for any signs of unauthorized transactions or identity theft.
  • Set Up Alerts: Enable alerts on all financial accounts to get notified of any suspicious activity.

Change Security Details

  • Update Passwords: Change the passwords on all your financial accounts and any other accounts that may have been compromised.
  • Enable Two-Factor Authentication: Improve your account security by enabling two-factor authentication wherever possible.

Seek Professional Advice

  • Legal Advice: Consider consulting with an attorney specializing in financial fraud to understand your legal options and rights.
  • Financial Advisor: A financial advisor can help you assess the scam's impact on your finances and advise you on steps to prevent future occurrences.

By following these steps, you can take proactive measures to recover from a money transfer scam and protect yourself from future incidents. Staying informed is key to safeguarding your financial well-being in an increasingly digital world. Learn more about the immediate actions you can take if your account has been compromised

Conclusion

Money transfer scams are pervasive threats in today's digital landscape, targeting both individuals and businesses with sophisticated tactics. However, armed with knowledge and vigilance, you can protect yourself against these fraudulent schemes. By understanding common tactics, recognizing warning signs, and implementing preventive measures like verifying identities and protecting your bank accounts, you can significantly reduce your risk of falling victim to scams.

In the unfortunate event that you're scammed, quick action is crucial. Contact your bank immediately, report the scam to authorities, and monitor your accounts for unauthorized activity. By staying cautious and skeptical of unsolicited requests for money or personal information, you can navigate financial transactions with confidence and security.

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Immigration

What Is the ITIN and How to Get It in the U.S.? | Comprehensive Guide

8 min de lectura

The ITIN (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) is the IRS tax identification number for people who must file tax returns in the U.S. but cannot obtain an SSN. It is used only for tax purposes; it does not authorize work in the U.S. or entitle you to Social Security benefits. It is requested using Form W-7.

What is the ITIN?

The ITIN is a tax identification number issued by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS). It is designed for people who are required to file federal tax returns but do not qualify for a Social Security number (SSN). It consists of 9 digits and always begins with the number 9 (format: 9XX-XX-XXXX).

Who needs an ITIN?

  • Undocumented immigrants who work and earn income in the U.S.
  • Nonresident aliens with income or real estate transactions in the U.S.
  • Dependents or spouses of U.S. citizens or residents who do not qualify for an SSN
  • Foreign students and scholars with taxable income in the U.S.
  • People who claimed tax treaty benefits

What the ITIN is for

The ITIN allows you to file federal and state tax returns, claim tax credits (such as the Child Tax Credit), open bank accounts at some banks that accept it as an alternative ID to the SSN, and comply with tax obligations while working in the U.S. without an SSN.

How do you apply for an ITIN?

To get an ITIN, you must complete Form W-7 (Application for IRS Individual Taxpayer Identification Number). You need to submit identity and foreign-status documents—the passport is the only document that satisfies both requirements. You can send it together with your tax return by mail, in person at an IRS Taxpayer Assistance Center, or through an authorized Certifying Acceptance Agent (CAA). The process takes between 7 and 11 weeks.

ITIN vs. SSN: key differences

The SSN is issued by the Social Security Administration and authorizes legal work, accumulation of Social Security credits, and access to all financial services. The ITIN is issued by the IRS, is for tax purposes only, does not authorize work, does not generate Social Security credits, and has more limited access to financial services. If you qualify for an SSN, you should not apply for an ITIN.

Do I need an ITIN to open a bank account?

Not always. Some banks accept an ITIN as tax identification to open accounts. However, many traditional banks still require an SSN. Común does not require either an SSN or an ITIN—it accepts your passport or consular ID card to open a full checking account. For most newly arrived immigrants, Común is the most direct route to having a bank account without waiting for an ITIN.

Frequently asked questions about the ITIN

How long does it take to get an ITIN?

The IRS says the process takes between 7 and 11 weeks from the time it receives the complete application. If you submit the application during tax season (January-April), it can take up to 14 weeks. Using a Certifying Acceptance Agent (CAA) can speed up the process because they certify original documents without needing to send them to the IRS.

Does the ITIN allow me to work legally in the U.S.?

No. The ITIN is only a tax number and does not authorize you to work in the U.S. or change your immigration status. Employers must ask for an SSN or work authorization documents (EAD) to hire you legally. The ITIN only serves for filing taxes and certain financial procedures.

Does the ITIN expire?

Yes. ITINs that have not been used on tax returns in the last 3 consecutive years expire. They also expire depending on the year they were issued (the IRS renews them in blocks). If your ITIN has expired, you must renew it with a new W-7 before filing your next tax return.

Can the ITIN help me build credit history in the U.S.?

Limitedly. Some lenders and credit card issuers accept ITINs for applications. Banks such as Bank of America have specific card programs for ITIN holders. However, credit built with an ITIN does not automatically transfer if you later obtain an SSN—you will need to establish the link with the credit bureaus.

Do I need an ITIN to receive the Child Tax Credit?

The parent can use an ITIN to claim the credit, but the children for whom the credit is claimed must have SSNs. Children born in the U.S. automatically have SSNs. The parent’s ITIN is sufficient to file the tax return and claim the credit for qualifying children.

Can I apply for an ITIN without a passport?

The passport is the only document that by itself satisfies both requirements (identity + foreign status). Without a passport, you need two documents: one identity document (DNI, consular ID card, foreign driver’s license) plus one that proves foreign status (visa, alien registration). The IRS may reject the application if the combination is not sufficient.

Financial Education

How to save money in the USA? Real strategies for immigrants starting from scratch

8 min de lectura

Living in the U.S., without a doubt, represents a major advantage for improving quality of life, due to the job opportunities this country offers both citizens and foreigners. However, adjusting to the pace of life in the United States also means facing various expenses that can affect personal finances, especially for newly arrived immigrants.

Savings strategies are an indispensable ally for reducing financial uncertainty, being prepared for any unforeseen event, and building a full future in a new country.

If you identify with this situation and are navigating difficulties covering monthly expenses, below we show different ways to save money in the USA tailored specifically to the reality of immigrants, as well as alternatives for savings accounts, so you can have full control of your capital.

10 ways to save money in the USA

Saving in the United States means developing a set of habits aimed at optimizing resources and choosing financial services with competitive interest rates.

Setting savings goals is the first step toward starting a healthy, worry-free financial life.

Below, we share some strategies to get the most out of your daily spending.

1. Plan and budget your expenses

Before making any move, it’s essential that you’re clear on the amount of your monthly income and outgoings, so you should start by keeping clear financial records.

To do this, you can use a personal finance and budgeting application or a spreadsheet, in order to record categories such as:

  • Fixed expenses: all expenses you repeat every month such as rent, utilities, transportation, remittances, etc. 
  • Variable expenses: expenses whose amount varies, such as food, entertainment, loans, etc. Based on your income, assign a budget to each. 
  • Savings: it’s very important to make sure you keep a sufficient amount of money after covering your monthly expenses. It will help you build an emergency fund you can use for the unexpected. Set short-term financial goals so you can monitor your progress.

2. Take advantage of deals and coupons

An effective way to take advantage of deals at different department stores is to use an application that helps you compare prices; that way, you can choose an alternative without leaving home.

You can also take advantage of the loyalty programs several stores offer through their mobile applications, such as Safeway and Target.

3. Reduce housing costs

Depending on the city, rent can be one of the highest expenses in your budget. If you find that after covering this item your wallet is too tight, you can consider applying some strategies.

  • Consider sharing an apartment with roommates.
  • Look for an area with accessible rental prices, such as Texas. 
  • By contrast, New York is among the most expensive places to live, so it’s advisable to look for more accessible options.
  • Check your eligibility to access the public housing program with the Housing Authority.

4. Cook at home instead of eating out

Eating at restaurants is always tempting, but it can generate up to 5 times more expenses than preparing food at home. Plan weekly menus and avoid wasting food.

5. Use low-fee remittance services to send money to your country of origin

For immigrants in the United States, sending money home is a basic need, since it is one of the main means of support for their loved ones.

Before sending money to Latin America, make sure to compare different services in terms of transfer fees, exchange rate, delivery methods, and time.

Comun lets you send your first remittance at no cost (Promotion subject to change. Check availability in the mobile app) and offers accessible fees for the following ones. It is a popular option among immigrants for its accessibility and bilingual Spanish-language support, because it shares language, interests, and common goals: bringing families closer through safe and accessible financial solutions.

6. Use public transportation or share rides

Public transportation is a great way to get around a city at low cost. You can choose the bus service, ride-sharing applications, or, for short distances, a bicycle.

7. Look for assistance programs or local benefits available to immigrants

Check the availability of assistance programs in your city, such as medical care at community health clinics and food banks.

For example, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) provides financial assistance for the purchase of nutritious food. Eligibility for this benefit depends on immigration status, as it requires citizenship or legal residency in the country.

8. Learn about credit and finances as an immigrant

Understanding the U.S. financial system is key to accessing basic services such as a bank account, debit card, credit card, etc. For this, you generally must have an SNN or ITIN. Therefore, it’s advisable to look for accessible options so you can integrate as soon as possible.

In addition, the U.S. government offers a retirement savings plan through the Individual Retirement Account (IRA), which allows you to accumulate money tax-free until it is withdrawn.

9. Buy second-hand to save from the start

Another way to save money is to buy household items at second-hand stores such as Craigslist, OfferUp, and Goodwill. In this way, you can save up to 50% of the budget allocated to these purchases.

10. Take advantage of government benefits

Another support program is Housing Vouchers, which help low-income families with rent payments. On the other hand, the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) is available to workers with low to moderate incomes.

What earns the most money in the United States?

If you’re wondering how to make more money in the USA, you should consider working in some of the country’s sectors if your profile fits any of them.

These are some of the highest-paying jobs in the United States, which will not only allow you to meet your savings goals but also significantly improve your quality of life.

Medicine

Professions related to the health sector in the United States are among the highest salary. Average earnings can reach up to $450,000 USD per year, depending on the specialty.

Public Services

This sector also reaches very good earnings, which average can reach up to $133,800 USD per year. This sector includes jobs related to electricity and the generation of renewable energy.

Information Technology (IT)

This is one of the highest-paying industries worldwide. In the United States, average annual salaries reach approximately $99,500 USD. It encompasses skills related to software development, artificial intelligence, and cybersecurity.

Finance

The average earnings of jobs related to the financial sector exceed $90,000 USD. In this case, you can specialize in professions such as portfolio management and investment banking or financial advisor.

Law

Finally, the legal sector is also very well paid, with average earnings of approximately $176,000 USD per year.

Open your account at Comun easily, quickly, and safely

Saving in the United States doesn’t mean giving up your quality of life, but rather adopting smarter money-management habits and developing a solid financial education.

You can start with simple savings strategies, such as taking advantage of digital discounts, reducing housing expenses, avoiding impulse purchases, and choosing more economical remittance platforms.

The key to strengthening your finances lies in organizing resources with a long-term vision and applying these strategies consistently to move toward your goals.

Meet Comun! The financial platform that addresses day-to-day needs in the United States, through an easy-to-use mobile app, where you can open an account in a matter of minutes with a qualified official ID from your country of origin. Send money to your loved ones without complications, so your family gets more for less. See terms and conditions. Exchange rates and fees may vary by country, amount, and delivery method.

Comun is a digital platform designed to help the immigrant community in the U.S., available in Spanish and English.

Frequently Asked Questions

If you still have questions, check our Frequently Asked Questions section.

Which account fits your needs in the United States?

Comun is a popular alternative among immigrants who seek accessible, quality services. Open your account today and discover all the benefits.

What is the 50-30-20 rule?

It’s a savings method that helps you divide your income to reach your financial goals: 50% for necessities, 30% for discretionary expenses, and 20% for your savings fund.

How can you make money quickly in the United States?

Look for flexible jobs on applications or sell things you no longer use on second-hand sites.

Cuatro personas sonrientes abrazadas de cerca, mostrando alegría y amistad.
Mujer sonriente con camiseta blanca, sentada al aire libre con árboles y luz solar de fondo.
Hombre sonriendo con gorra y camiseta gris, sentado en un establo junto a un cubo azul.
Mujer joven con camisa rosa ajustando un auricular mientras mira un teléfono móvil frente a una pared marrón.
Familia sonriente con dos niñas vestidas con vestidos a cuadros sentados juntos en un patio soleado.
Mujer con guantes y protector facial manipulando masa para tortillas al aire libre.
Niña pequeña mirando a la cámara con dos mujeres sonrientes detrás, al aire libre con fondo de muro blanco.

Thousands of immigrants are already achieving more with their money. You can too.