Starting a life in the United States means adapting to a new culture and customs that can interfere with everyday activities such as going to school, working, and carrying out important banking transactions.

Knowing the month-by-month celebrations in the United States lets you plan ahead—especially if you need to send remittances to your home country, plan trips, or make important payments.

This guide explains the main U.S. holidays, the differences between state and federal holidays, and how they affect work, school, and banking hours.

What are holidays in the United States?

U.S. holidays are special dates commemorating historical or cultural events. They may be observed at the federal or state level.

• Federal holidays

These are declared by the federal government. On these dates, banks, government offices, and federal services close. One example is Independence Day.

• State holidays

These are declared by state governments and apply only within that state.

Labor laws do not mandate overtime or premium pay on holidays, but some employers offer holiday pay.

Time off is only mandatory for federal employees; in the private sector it depends entirely on the employer. In some industries—such as tourism and hospitality—it’s common to work on holidays, with compensation determined by the company.

List of national holidays in 2025

There are 11 federal holidays in the United States to keep in mind. On these dates, banks and government offices typically close. This can delay remittance transfers.

Be sure to schedule transfers in advance so they don’t overlap with U.S. holidays and your money arrives without issues.

New Year’s Day – January 1

Celebration of the start of the year. Banks and public offices remain closed.

Martin Luther King Jr. Day – third Monday in January

Honors the memory of civil-rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.

Presidents Day – third Monday in February

Commemoration honoring George Washington and all U.S. presidents.

Memorial Day – last Monday in May

Commemorates members of the Armed Forces who died in service.

Juneteenth – June 19

Marks the end of slavery in the United States.

Independence Day – July 4

Celebration of the Declaration of Independence. One of the most important holidays.

Labor Day – first Monday in September

Celebration dedicated to the nation’s workers.

Columbus Day – second Monday in October

Marks Christopher Columbus’s arrival in the Americas in 1492.

Veterans Day – November 11

Commemoration recognizing all who served in the Armed Forces.

Thanksgiving Day – fourth Thursday in November

A family tradition dedicated to giving thanks for the harvest and the good moments of the year.

Christmas Day – December 25

The birth of Jesus; a widely observed religious and cultural celebration.

How holidays impact immigrants and families

Knowing what’s celebrated today in the United States helps you plan your day and be aware of possible workplace benefits you might be eligible for.

Work:

If you work in sectors such as hospitality, restaurants, or cleaning, you may have to work on holidays. Ask your employer whether double pay, shift changes, or other compensation applies.

Finances:

On federal holidays, banks and post offices close, which can delay financial operations such as deposits and international transfers. If you need to send money to family, do so before these dates.

Schools and procedures:

Public and private schools close on federal holidays. USCIS staff also do not work, so immigration processes are delayed.

Tips to organize your money and time

Don’t let holidays catch you off guard. Set aside a monthly budget for travel, daily expenses, and other activities.

Keep a payment calendar that accounts for holidays so you can make payments without setbacks.

Culturally important celebrations in the U.S. for immigrants

Beyond official dates, there are others that matter culturally to immigrant communities. They may not significantly affect institutions or businesses, but they’re still worth noting if you plan to budget for a celebration.

Battle of Puebla – May 5

A date that has also gained relevance among U.S. residents. Although many mistakenly link it to Mexico’s Independence Day, it actually commemorates victory over the French army.

Mother’s Day

In the U.S. it’s observed on the second Sunday in May, though immigrant communities may choose the customary date in their countries of origin.

Father’s Day

Observed on the third Sunday in June, though it can vary. It’s a day of family togetherness for many immigrants.

Halloween – October 31

A tradition that crosses borders; it’s very popular among immigrant communities who enjoy dressing up and having fun with kids.

Valentine’s Day – February 14

A popular holiday to celebrate love and friendship, spend time together, and give and receive gifts.

Day of the Dead – November 1–2

A Mexican tradition honoring the departed through altars, food, flowers, and music.

Organize your finances on holidays and send your money with Común

This article outlined the U.S. holidays and how they affect public and private operating hours.

Holidays shouldn’t keep you from meeting your financial obligations. Make sure you have an ally to help you plan your budget.

Get to know all the benefits of Común!

Transfer money from the United States to Latin America with clear, competitive fees, up to applicable limits (check terms in Común’s mobile app).

Discover the platform designed for immigrants—with shared interests, language, and goals: bringing families closer through accessible, secure financial solutions.

Open your Común checking account today and manage your money in the U.S. safely and without complications.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, see this section.

What happens with banks and remittances on holidays?

On national holidays, banks and post offices are closed. This means money transfers can take 1–2 extra days to complete.

Do all workers receive extra pay on holidays?

The law doesn’t require double pay on holidays, but some employers offer this benefit.

What are the most important holidays for the immigrant community?

For immigrant communities, the most relevant holidays include Christmas, Mother’s Day, and the Day of the Dead, among others.

Hoy en día, muchos latinos que viven en Estados Unidos podrían estar pagando de más por servicios financieros. Según un informe de 2021 de la Corporación Federal de Seguros de Depósitos (FDIC), el 24.1% de los hogares hispanos tienen acceso limitado a servicios bancarios, lo que significa que el hogar tiene una cuenta corriente o de ahorros en una institución financiera pero ha utilizado otros servicios (por ejemplo, giros postales, transferencias de remesas, cobro de cheques) fuera de su banco o cooperativa de crédito. Acceder a servicios adicionales fuera de un banco puede ser costoso.

El informe de la FDIC también encontró que el 9.3% de los hogares hispanos no tienen acceso a servicios bancarios, lo que significa que nadie en el hogar tiene una cuenta corriente o de ahorros en una institución financiera. No tener acceso a servicios bancarios puede resultar en una limitación para acceder a ciertos productos y servicios financieros, como cuentas de ahorro que ofrecen oportunidades de inversión y opciones de seguros.

Para examinar el costo que los latinos podrían estar pagando para acceder a servicios financieros en Estados Unidos, www.comun.app/blog/el-alto-costo-de-los-bancos-tradicionales-y-estar-sin-banco-en-estados-unidos realizó un análisis comparando el costo si un individuo fuera cliente de Común en comparación con una institución financiera tradicional. El estudio también examinó el costo de no tener acceso a servicios bancarios. Además, Común analizó el costo de las tres opciones durante un año y cuánto podría ahorrar un individuo si utilizara un servicio como Común durante un año y durante un período de cinco años.

*Nota: Común no incluyó la tarifa de apertura de cuenta en el monto total para el banco tradicional, ya que asumimos que este usuario no mantendría los requisitos de saldo mínimo y, por lo tanto, incurriría en una tarifa mensual de $12.‍

Cuánto pueden ahorrar los clientes si utilizan un servicio como Común en un año:

Costo de una cuenta bancaria tradicional: $1,176

El costo de no estar bancarizado: $196

Cuánto pueden ahorrar los clientes en cinco años si utilizan un servicio como Común:

Costo de una cuenta bancaria tradicional: $5,881

El costo de estar sin banco: $981

‍
Comentarios adicionales

Además de los costos directos como el cobro de cheques o las tarifas de giros postales, las personas no bancarizadas también incurren en muchos costos indirectos, como:

1. Altos costos de endeudamiento: Sin una cuenta bancaria, acceder al crédito puede resultar más complicado y costoso. Las personas no bancarizadas pueden recurrir a servicios financieros alternativos, como préstamos de día de pago o casas de empeño, que normalmente cobran tasas de interés y tarifas elevadas. Tener una cuenta bancaria y una buena relación bancaria puede calificar a las personas para préstamos con intereses más bajos y otros productos crediticios.
2. Acceso limitado a servicios financieros: No estar bancarizado puede resultar en un acceso limitado a ciertos servicios y productos financieros, como cuentas de ahorro, oportunidades de inversión y opciones de seguros. Esta falta de acceso puede obstaculizar la capacidad de las personas para generar riqueza y protegerse financieramente a largo plazo.
3. Riesgos de seguridad: Guardar dinero en efectivo en casa puede ser riesgoso, ya que es vulnerable a robo, pérdida o daño. Las cuentas bancarias ofrecen una forma segura de almacenar y acceder a fondos, lo que reduce el riesgo de pérdidas financieras debido a robo o otras circunstancias imprevistas.

Metodología

El análisis fue realizado en abril de 2024 por Común. Los datos examinan el coste anual de utilizar un servicio como Común, una cuenta bancaria tradicional., o no estar bancarizado para servicios financieros. En este análisis, analizamos el costo de una cuenta corriente con una institución financiera tradicional, así como el costo de los servicios.fuera de una institución financiera y hizo estas suposiciones:

• Un saldo mínimo para abrir una cuenta
  • Costo Común: $0
  • Costo de institución financiera tradicional: $100, esto se basa en el saldo mínimo necesario para poder abrir la cuenta bancaria a la que se hace referencia. 
• Costo mensual
  • Costo de Común: $0
  • Costo de la institución financiera tradicional: Una tarifa mensual de $12, suponiendo que no se cumpla el saldo mínimo diario de $1,500
• Dos depósitos en efectivo (ATM) por mes
  • Costo de Común: $0 para usar un en-cajero automático de la red y $3.50 por utilizar un socio minorista para realizar un depósito. Comun asumió que un usuario realiza dos depósitos por mes, uno en una tienda minorista y otro en un cajero automático de la red.
  • Costo de institución financiera tradicional: $2.50 por un depósito en otra institución financiera y $2.50 si usa un cajero automático fuera de la red. Para la cuenta bancaria analizada en este informe, no hay cargos por depósito en efectivo en sucursales. Sin embargo, este banco cobra $2.50 por depósitos en otros cajeros automáticos. La tienda minorista también le cobrará al cliente, lo que varía según la ubicación, pero Común asumió $2.50.
• Dos transferencias de remesas por mes
  • Costo de Común: Los clientes pueden enviar su primera remesa sin costo. Después de eso, las remesas conllevan una tarifa desde $2.99.
  • Costo de la institución financiera tradicional: $45 para enviar transferencias internacionales en dólares (fuente)
  • Para los no bancarizados, Común asumió que la persona envía remesas con Western Union, lo cual tiene un costo de $8 por transferencia en tarifas fijas si el usuario está depositando efectivo en un punto de Western Union en los Estados Unidos y el destinatario está retirando el dinero en efectivo en un punto de Western Union en México (fuente: calculadora de tarifas). Común asumió 2 remesas por mes durante un año, y la primera remesa sin costo (una promoción con Western Union).
• Tarifa por cambio de cheques
  • Suponemos que un usuario cobra dos cheques al mes y paga $4 cada vez (monto de la tarifa de Walmart). 
• Tarifa de giro postal
  • Suponemos que un usuario compra dos giros postales al mes y paga $1 cada vez (el monto de la tarifa es de Walmart). 

‍

If you need to make bank transfers in the United States, it will be useful to know what the ACH network is and understand its importance in the country’s banking system.

ACH (Automated Clearing House) is an Automated Clearing House that handles the processing of electronic transfers between U.S. accounts.

It is highly relevant for receiving direct payroll deposits, also known as ACH credits, and for processing recurring payments, due to several advantages compared to the traditional bank network, such as cost reduction and traceability of operations.

According to official sources, in 2024 the ACH payment network processed around 33.6 billion electronic payments, with a value close to $86.2 trillion, underscoring the importance of this method in the U.S. financial system.

On this occasion, we will explain in detail the advantages of this type of transaction and provide some recommendations so you can get the most out of them.

What is ACH and how does it work?

ACH or Automated Clearing House is a network that allows money to move between banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions in the United States, where the use of cash or checks is not necessary, because everything is processed electronically.

The central part of this system is NACHA (National Automated Clearing House Association), which oversees compliance with the rules and ensures transfers are carried out according to established security standards.

It is very likely that in your daily life you have already used the ACH system without noticing it. For example, for:

• Payroll deposits: every time you receive your salary in your bank account.

• Bill payments: to pay basic services such as electricity and internet automatically.

• Transfers between people: when you make an electronic transfer to a friend or to your own accounts.

Differences between ACH payments and other transfer methods

In the United States, there are different systems for moving money. In addition to the ACH network, you can rely on more traditional networks such as wire transfers and checks.

The main difference with other bank transfer systems is that ACH focuses on electronic, secure, and low-cost payments, which take longer than other options that tend to be more expensive; whereas ACH transfers are more suitable for recurring payments and direct deposits.

Below, we show you a comparative table so you can visualize the fundamental differences between ACH payments and other methods.

Benefits and some recommendations when using ACH payments

One of the main advantages of ACH payments is the security involved in using this system to transfer money. This is because it is regulated by an organization called NACHA, which verifies each transaction based on financial system regulations, thereby reducing the chances of fraud.

Despite the trust that ACH transfers provide, they also present some limitations.

These are the most common benefits and limitations of the ACH system:

Benefits

• It is the lowest-cost method of transferring money, as transactions are free or have minimal fees

• Transactions are protected by NACHA regulations, which guarantees their security

• It is a system well-suited for processing recurring payments and subscriptions

• It is easy to track operations, because all are recorded in the banking system

Limitations

• Transactions take longer to complete. Generally, they are reflected the next day or up to two business days later

• International money transfers cannot be made, only within the United States

• Some banks may set daily limits, so it is not advisable for moving large amounts of money

If you need an alternative for making recurring payments and direct deposits to a bank account within the United States, the ACH network is a popular alternative due to its security standards and accessibility. But if you are looking for other types of financial services, you can consider more comprehensive options.

At Común we make your ACH payments easier

As you can see, ACH payments are a reliable option for making and receiving money transfers, as long as they are scheduled transactions within the United States and within the limits set by banks.

It is very important to have a reliable and transparent partner to move your money and manage your personal finances in a comprehensive and efficient way.

Meet Común, the platform that integrates the ACH network for direct deposits, payments, and transfers, and uses a service that has clear and visible rates in the mobile app.

Discover everything Común offers you!

• Open your account with a qualified official ID from your country of origin—we accept more than one hundred of them!

• Get a debit card and make purchases easily

• Deposit cash at hundreds of locations near you

• Make international money transfers for a fee starting at $2.99 USD, up to the available limits

• Be part of a service that speaks your language and understands the needs of immigrants working in the United States

Don’t wait any longer—open your account at Común!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you have questions about what ACH is and what it is for, consult our Frequently Asked Questions section.

How long does an ACH transfer take?

Generally, ACH transfers take 1 to 2 business days. It is also possible they are completed the same day if the bank offers the same-day ACH option.

How much does it cost to send money via ACH?

ACH transfers are usually free up to the applicable limits. Some banks charge a minimal fee, around $3 USD. It is a more economical option than a wire transfer, which can cost more than $50 USD.

Is it safe to use ACH for personal payments?

Yes, ACH transfers are regulated by the NACHA system, so they are easily traceable and protected with anti-fraud security measures.

Can I use ACH if I don’t have a bank account in the U.S.?

No, to send money through the ACH system you need an account number from a U.S. bank or credit union. Otherwise, you can resort to more accessible alternatives such as Venmo, PayPal, and Común.

What is an ACH payment?

An ACH payment is a money transfer processed through the ACH system and managed by NACHA (National Automated Clearinghouse Association).

What is a wire transfer?

A wire transfer is a payment method that allows money to be moved from one bank to another electronically, both nationally and internationally.

En qué consiste la libertad financiera y cómo conseguirla

La libertad financiera es más que una simple definición; es un estado de vida que muchos aspiran a alcanzar. Es la capacidad de cubrir todas las necesidades económicas sin estar atado a un trabajo convencional. Imagina un mundo donde tus decisiones no estén dictadas por tus obligaciones financieras, sino por tus deseos y pasiones. Eso es la libertad financiera.

En un mundo en constante cambio, donde la edad de jubilación se incrementa y las condiciones laborales se vuelven más desafiantes, la libertad financiera se ha convertido en una meta esencial. No solo proporciona seguridad económica, sino también una mayor calidad de vida, libertad de elección y la posibilidad de seguir pasiones y proyectos personales sin restricciones.

Pasos para Alcanzar la Libertad Financiera

Reducción de gastos: Control de tu patrimonio personal

Antes de poder ahorrar o invertir, es fundamental entender a dónde va tu dinero. Llevar un registro detallado de tus gastos te permite identificar áreas de ahorro potencial. Adoptar un estilo de vida frugal no significa sacrificar calidad de vida, sino tomar decisiones más informadas sobre tus gastos.

Para mantener el control de tu patrimonio personal o familiar es importante realizar un presupuesto y revisarlo periódicamente. Un presupuesto ayuda a categorizar tus ingresos y tus egresos en un período de tiempo, usualmente una o dos veces al mes, para identificar tus gastos necesarios en comparación a tus gastos por gustos o lujos. De esta forma puedes identificar más fácilmente qué gastos puedes sacrificar para mejorar tu estabilidad económica.

Uno de los principales problemas de no tener un presupuesto es caer en el error más común que nos frena de lograr nuestra libertad financiera que es caer en deuda, es decir, gastar más de lo que generamos y estar en un constante “rojo”, un hoyo del cual es difícil salir a medida que la deuda incrementa en el tiempo. El secreto está en vivir por debajo de tus medios: En lugar de adoptar un estilo de vida que refleje tu salario o tus deseos, el consejo de muchos expertos financieros es vivir de manera frugal y gastar menos de lo que ganas. Esto permite ahorrar e invertir más a lo largo del tiempo.

Ahorro: La base de la libertad financiera

El ahorro no es simplemente guardar dinero; es una mentalidad y una disciplina que sienta las bases para una vida financiera saludable. Dave Ramsey, un renombrado experto financiero, ha desarrollado una serie de principios y pasos que han ayudado a millones a encontrar su camino hacia la libertad financiera. 

Dave Ramsey es famoso por sus "Baby Steps", una serie de siete pasos diseñados para guiar a las personas hacia la libertad financiera. El primer paso, y quizás el más crucial, es ahorrar $1,000 como fondo de emergencia inicial. Este fondo actúa como un colchón contra imprevistos, evitando que las personas incurran en deudas por gastos inesperados.

“No tener un fondo de emergencia, es una emergencia en sí” es una frase popular de Dave Ramsey, y si alguna vez has estado en una situación inesperada que requiere fondos y no los tienes a la mano, seguramente puedes dar fe de su veracidad. Y aunque $1,000 no suenan como mucho dinero en comparación al costo de muchas emergencias, el propósito de este fondo de emergencia es forzar a la persona a dar ese paso y iniciar su disciplina financiera.

Inversión: Generación de ingresos pasivos

Warren Buffet, uno de los inversores más exitosos del mundo, siempre ha enfatizado la importancia de invertir en lo que conoces y entender el valor intrínseco de tus inversiones. Su filosofía de inversión, que ha sido la piedra angular de su éxito, se basa en varios principios fundamentales que pueden servir de guía para aquellos que buscan la libertad financiera:

• Invertir en lo que conoces: Buffet siempre ha sido un firme defensor de invertir en empresas y sectores que entiendes completamente. Si no puedes explicar en términos simples cómo una empresa genera ingresos, quizás no sea la mejor opción para tu cartera.

• Busca el valor, no el precio: Buffet distingue entre el precio y el valor de una acción. Mientras que el precio es lo que pagas, el valor es lo que obtienes. Su enfoque se basa en identificar empresas que estén subvaloradas en relación con su valor intrínseco real y que tengan un potencial de crecimiento a largo plazo.

• El mercado es volátil, pero no te dejes llevar por el pánico: Buffet compara el mercado de valores con un vecino inestable llamado "Sr. Mercado". Algunos días, el Sr. Mercado es optimista y ofrece precios altos, mientras que otros días es pesimista y ofrece gangas. En lugar de dejarse llevar por las emociones del Sr. Mercado, Buffet sugiere mantener la calma y centrarse en el valor intrínseco de las inversiones.

• Inversión a largo plazo: Buffet no busca ganancias rápidas. En su lugar, busca empresas con ventajas competitivas duraderas y las mantiene durante décadas. Su famosa cita, "mi período de tenencia favorito es para siempre", refleja su enfoque de inversión a largo plazo.

• Reinversión de dividendos: Una de las estrategias que ha contribuido al éxito de Buffet es la reinversión de dividendos. Al reinvertir los dividendos, se beneficia del interés compuesto, lo que puede resultar en un crecimiento exponencial de la inversión a lo largo del tiempo.

Los ingresos pasivos, ya sea a través de dividendos, rentas o negocios en línea, son esenciales para la libertad financiera. Estos ingresos, que no requieren una intervención directa constante, permiten que el dinero trabaje para ti, generando flujos de efectivo regulares que pueden sustentar un estilo de vida libre de las ataduras de un empleo convencional. La filosofía de inversión de Warren Buffet se centra en la paciencia, la educación y la comprensión profunda de las inversiones. Al adoptar estos principios y centrarse en generar ingresos pasivos, uno puede trazar un camino hacia la verdadera libertad financiera.

Conclusión

La libertad financiera es un ideal que va más allá de la simple acumulación de riqueza; es la manifestación de una vida equilibrada donde nuestras decisiones no están dictadas por las presiones económicas, sino por nuestras verdaderas pasiones y deseos. A través de la disciplina del ahorro, la sabiduría en la inversión y la comprensión de nuestras finanzas, podemos acercarnos a este ideal. Las enseñanzas de expertos como Dave Ramsey y Warren Buffet nos ofrecen una hoja de ruta clara hacia este objetivo. Al final del día, la libertad financiera no es solo sobre dinero, sino sobre vivir una vida con propósito, seguridad y auténtica independencia. Es un viaje que requiere compromiso, educación y acción constante, pero los beneficios, tanto tangibles como intangibles, son invaluables.

The 100 Questions about American Citizenship in Spanish

Reaching the point where you're preparing for the citizenship exam is already a major milestone. It reflects time, effort, and a commitment to building your future in the United States.

In this guide, you'll find the 100 civic questions for the U.S. Citizenship exam provided by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), the government agency that reviews and processes citizenship applications. These are the questions from the civics test, translated into Spanish with their answers and organized by category aimed to support you while you prepare. The exam is administered by USCIS and is oral, not written. You'll be asked up to 10 questions out of the 100.

How does the US citizenship test work?

The U.S. citizenship exam generally consists of two parts, an English test and a civics test. Understanding how each one of them works could make the process feel more manageable. The English evaluation is conducted through an interview, in which an officer evaluates your English language skills through simple speaking, reading, and writing exercises. In the civics portion, the officer asks up to 10 questions out of a list of 100. They are about U.S. history, government, geography and holidays. To pass the test you must answer at least 6 of them correctly. It is important to consider that this entire part of the exam is oral.

If you do not pass a section the first time, you will usually have a second opportunity to retake the failed portion within 60 to 90 days. To start the application for citizenship, you must submit a form called Form N-400, which is the official application for naturalization, and as of 2026, the filing cost is $760, however, fees are subject to change.

Who can take the exam in Spanish?

If you are 65 or older and have been a permanent resident for at least 20 years, you may qualify to take the civics test in Spanish. This special rule, provided by USCIS, is designed to make the process more accessible for long-term residents. In this case, you do not need to study all 100 questions, you only need to study 20 of the 100 questions. In our list we will mark them with an asterisk (*). It is recommended to always consult and review the specific requirements of your own case with the corresponding authorities.

The 100 Official Citizenship Civics Test Questions (with answers in Spanish)

Here you will find the 100 official questions that USCIS may ask you during your citizenship exam, along with their answers in Spanish. However, keep in mind that the actual interview is conducted in English, unless you qualify for an exemption.

Part A: The American government (questions 1-57)

Principles of American Democracy (1–12)

1. What is the supreme law of the land?

• the Constitution

2. What does the Constitution do?

• sets up the government
• defines the government
• protects basic rights of Americans

3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

• We the People

4. What is an amendment?

• a change (to the Constitution)
• an addition (to the Constitution)

5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

• the Bill of Rights

6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?*

• speech
• religion
• assembly
• press
• petition the government

7. How many amendments does the Constitution have?

• twenty-seven (27)

8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?

• announced our independence (from Great Britain)
• declared our independence (from Great Britain)
• said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)

9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

• life
• liberty
• pursuit of happiness

10. What is freedom of religion?

• You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

11. What is the economic system in the United States?*

• capitalist economy
• market economy

12. What is the "rule of law"?

• Everyone must follow the law.
• Leaders must obey the law.
• Government must obey the law.
• No one is above the law.

System of Government (13–47)

13. Name one branch or part of the government.*

• Congress
• legislative
• President
• executive
• the courts
• judicial

14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

• checks and balances
• separation of powers

15. Who is in charge of the executive branch?

• the President

16. Who makes federal laws?

• Congress
• Senate and House (of Representatives)
• (U.S. or national) legislature

17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?*

• the Senate and House (of Representatives)

18. How many U.S. Senators are there?

• one hundred (100)

19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

• six (6)

20. Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?*

• Answers will vary.
• [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.]

21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

• four hundred thirty-five (435)

22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

• two (2)

23. Name your U.S. Representative.

• Answers will vary.
• [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.]

24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

• all people of the state

25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

• (because of) the state's population
• (because) they have more people
• (because) some states have more people

26. We elect a President for how many years?

• four (4)

27. In what month do we vote for President?*

• November

28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?*

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.

29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.

30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

• the Vice President

31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

• the Speaker of the House

32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

• the President

33. Who signs bills to become laws?

• the President

34. Who vetoes bills?

• the President

35. What does the President's Cabinet do?

• advises the President

36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

• Secretary of Agriculture
• Secretary of Commerce
• Secretary of Defense
• Secretary of Education
• Secretary of Energy
• Secretary of Health and Human Services
• Secretary of Homeland Security
• Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
• Secretary of the Interior
• Secretary of Labor
• Secretary of State
• Secretary of Transportation
• Secretary of the Treasury
• Secretary of Veterans Affairs
• Attorney General
• Vice President

37. What does the judicial branch do?

• reviews laws
• explains laws
• resolves disputes (disagreements)
• decides if a law goes against the Constitution

38. What is the highest court in the United States?

• the Supreme Court

39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court.

40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.

41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?

• to print money
• to declare war
• to create an army
• to make treaties

42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

• provide schooling and education
• provide protection (police)
• provide safety (fire departments)
• give a driver's license
• approve zoning and land use

43. Who is the Governor of your state now?

• Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.]

44. What is the capital of your state?*

• Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

45. What are the two major political parties in the United States?*

• Democratic and Republican

46. What is the political party of the President now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the political party of the President.

47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Rights and responsibilities (48–57)

48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

• Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
• You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
• Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
• A male citizen of any race (can vote).

49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?*

• serve on a jury
• vote in a federal election

50. Name one right only for United States citizens.

• vote in a federal election
• run for federal office

51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

• freedom of expression
• freedom of speech
• freedom of assembly
• freedom to petition the government
• freedom of religion
• the right to bear arms

52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

• the United States
• the flag

53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

• give up loyalty to other countries
• defend the Constitution and laws of the United States
• obey the laws of the United States
• serve in the U.S. military (if needed)
• serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)
• be loyal to the United States

54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?*

• eighteen (18) and older

55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

• vote
• join a political party
• help with a campaign
• join a civic group
• join a community group
• give an elected official your opinion on an issue
• call Senators and Representatives
• publicly support or oppose an issue or policy
• run for office
• write to a newspaper

56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?*

• April 15

57. When must all men register for the Selective Service?

• at age eighteen (18)
• between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)

Part B: American history (questions 58-87)

Colonial Period and Independence

58. What is one reason colonists came to America?

• freedom
• political liberty
• religious freedom
• economic opportunity
• practice their religion
• escape persecution

59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

• American Indians
• Native Americans

60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

• Africans
• people from Africa

61. Why did the colonists fight the British?

• because of high taxes (taxation without representation)
• because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)
• because they didn't have self-government

62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

• (Thomas) Jefferson

63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

• July 4, 1776

64. There were 13 original states. Name three.

• New Hampshire
• Massachusetts
• Rhode Island
• Connecticut
• New York
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• Delaware
• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

• The Constitution was written.
• The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.

66. When was the Constitution written?

• 1787

67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

• (James) Madison
• (Alexander) Hamilton
• (John) Jay
• Publius

68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

• U.S. diplomat
• oldest member of the Constitutional Convention
• first Postmaster General of the United States
• writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac"
• started the first free libraries

69. Who is the "Father of Our Country"?

• (George) Washington

70. Who was the first President?*

• (George) Washington

1800s

71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

• the Louisiana Territory
• Louisiana

72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

• War of 1812
• Mexican-American War
• Civil War
• Spanish-American War

73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

• the Civil War
• the War between the States

74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War.

• slavery
• economic reasons
• states' rights

75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?*

• freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
• saved (or preserved) the Union
• led the United States during the Civil War

76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

• freed the slaves
• freed slaves in the Confederacy
• freed slaves in the Confederate states
• freed slaves in most Southern states

77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?

• fought for women's rights
• fought for civil rights

Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.*

• World War I
• World War II
• Korean War
• Vietnam War
• (Persian) Gulf War

79. Who was President during World War I?

• (Woodrow) Wilson

80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?

• (Franklin) Roosevelt

81. Who did the United States fight in World War II?

• Japan, Germany, and Italy

82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

• World War II

83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?

• Communism

84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?

• civil rights (movement)

85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?*

• fought for civil rights
• worked for equality for all Americans

86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?

• Terrorists attacked the United States.

87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

• [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.]
• Cherokee
• Navajo
• Sioux
• Chippewa
• Choctaw
• Pueblo
• Apache
• Iroquois
• Creek
• Blackfeet
• Seminole
• Cheyenne
• Arawak
• Shawnee
• Mohegan
• Huron
• Oneida
• Lakota
• Crow
• Teton
• Hopi
• Inuit

Part C: Geography and civic integration (questions 88-100)

Geography

88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.

• Missouri (River)
• Mississippi (River)

89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?

• Pacific (Ocean)

90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?

• Atlantic (Ocean)

91. Name one U.S. territory.

• Puerto Rico
• U.S. Virgin Islands
• American Samoa
• Northern Mariana Islands
• Guam

92. Name one state that borders Canada.

• Maine
• New Hampshire
• Vermont
• New York
• Pennsylvania
• Ohio
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• North Dakota
• Montana
• Idaho
• Washington
• Alaska

93. Name one state that borders Mexico.

• California
• Arizona
• New Mexico
• Texas

94. What is the capital of the United States?*

• Washington, D.C.

95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?*

• New York (Harbor)
• Liberty Island
• [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]

Symbols

96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

• because there were 13 original colonies
• because the stripes represent the original colonies

97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?*

• because there is one star for each state
• because each star represents a state
• because there are 50 states

98. What is the name of the national anthem?

• The Star-Spangled Banner

Holidays

99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?*

• July 4

100. Name two national U.S. holidays.

• New Year's Day
• Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
• Presidents' Day
• Memorial Day
• Independence Day
• Labor Day
• Columbus Day
• Veterans Day
• Thanksgiving
• Christmas

Frequently Asked Questions about the Citizenship Exam

How many questions are asked on the citizenship exam?

During the civics portion, an officer from USCIS will ask up to 10 questions out of a list of 100. You need to answer at least 6 correctly to pass this part of the test.

Is the citizenship exam in English or Spanish?

The exam is conducted in English, including both the English and civics portions. However, applicants who qualify for the 65/20 exemption can take the civics test in Spanish. Make sure you verify if the exemption applies in your specific case with the corresponding authorities.

What happens if I don't pass the exam the first time?

If you fail either the English or civics section, you are given a second opportunity to retake the part you did not pass. This second interview typically takes place within 60 to 90 days.

How much does the citizenship exam cost in 2026?

The exam itself does not have a separate fee, but it is included in the naturalization application. As of 2026, the cost to file Form N-400 is $760, though it's always a good idea to verify updates directly with USCIS.

Do the citizenship exam questions change?

The list of questions is updated occasionally by USCIS. The current version is based on the reinstated 2008 civics test, which remains the standard as of 2026.

Can I study the citizenship questions in Spanish?

Yes, many applicants study the questions in Spanish to better understand the content. However, the actual exam is conducted in English unless you qualify for an exemption like the 65/20 rule.

5 Tips for Studying for and Passing Your Citizenship Exam

Preparing for the citizenship test doesn't have to feel overwhelming. Approaching it with a plan and consistency could be the key for a smoother experience. Here are some general tips we've enlisted for preparing for your citizenship exam:

Study by category, avoid trying to learn all of them at once.

Break the 100 questions into topics like history, government, and geography. This makes it easier to understand patterns instead of trying to memorize everything in one go.

Practice your answers out loud.

The exam is oral, so it's important to get comfortable saying your answers, not just recognizing them. This helps with confidence during the interview.

Start with questions that change.

Aim to focus first on answers that can vary, like the current president or your state's senators. Learning these early helps you avoid confusion later in the process.

Use flashcards and try to study with someone.

Flashcards are a great tool for repetition and reinforcing memory. If possible try practicing with a friend or family member to simulate the real experience of being asked questions.

Don't panic if you don't know everything.

You don't need a perfect score. You only need to answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly, so focus on being consistent, not perfect.

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‍

Starting a new school year in the United States can involve several administrative and financial tasks. Enrollment requirements, school supply lists, transportation arrangements, meal programs, and extracurricular activities can vary between districts and schools.

For many immigrant families, the process may also involve adapting to a school system that works differently from those in Mexico, Colombia, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and other countries. Understanding how schools operate, what documents are typically required, and how to prepare financially can make the transition smoother.

This guide explains what to expect during the back to school season in the U.S., how school enrollment works, what supplies children may need, and how to prepare for the school year with confidence.

When does the school year start in the U.S.?

Unlike some countries that follow a national academic calendar, school start dates in the United States are generally determined by states, school districts, and local education authorities.

Most public schools begin classes between early August and early September.

The table below shows common start periods for several major states during the 2026 school year.

Source: https://us-school-calendar.com/first-day-of-school-2026

The school year generally runs from August or September through May or June. Winter break, spring break, teacher workdays, and holidays are scheduled throughout the year.

Because school calendars can differ even within the same city, families should always verify dates directly with the local school district.

What differentiates the U.S. school system from those in Latin America?

One of the most noticeable differences is the strong role of local school districts. Curriculum decisions, school calendars, transportation policies, and enrollment procedures can vary from one district to another.

Schools are generally organized into:

• Elementary school
• Middle school or junior high school
• High school

Grade levels may differ slightly depending on the district.

Another difference involves parental communication. Schools frequently use online portals, email notifications, text messages, and mobile applications to share grades, attendance records, schedules, and announcements.

Parents may also encounter:

• Parent-teacher conferences
• School volunteer opportunities
• Individual learning plans
• English language support services
• After-school activities and sports programs

Students who arrive from another country may qualify for English learner services designed to support language development while continuing their academic education.

How to enroll your children: documents and process

Most public schools ask families to provide documents during enrollment that are typically used to confirm a child's age, home address, vaccination history, and prior education.

Commonly requested documents include:

• Birth certificate
• Passport
• Proof of address
• Immunization records
• Previous school records or transcripts when available
• Parent or guardian identification

Enrollment can be completed online, in person, or through a district enrollment center.

One of the most important facts for immigrant families to understand is that children have a constitutional right to attend public elementary and secondary schools regardless of their immigration status. This protection comes from the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Plyler v. Doe

As a result, public schools generally cannot deny enrollment solely because a child or parent lacks immigration documentation.

School districts may still request documents that establish residency within the district and verify a child's age, but immigration status is not a requirement for access to public education.

Families who recently arrived in the United States and do not yet have all prior school records should contact the district directly. Many schools have procedures for assisting students during the enrollment process while records are being obtained.

The U.S. school supply list: what to expect and how to optimize spending

School supply requirements in the United States are often determined by individual schools or teachers rather than a national standard. In addition to notebooks and pencils, families may be asked to provide classroom supplies such as tissues, disinfecting wipes, folders, headphones, calculators, or art materials depending on the grade level. Unlike some countries like Mexico's Becas Benito Juárez, children in the U.S. do not receive cash stipends for school supplies.

Teachers often publish detailed lists before the school year begins. Depending on the grade level, families may be asked to purchase:

• Notebooks
• Folders
• Pencils and pens
• Colored pencils
• Markers
• Glue sticks
• Scissors
• Tissues
• Hand sanitizer
• Backpacks
• Calculators
• Headphones or earbuds

Some classrooms also request community supplies that are shared among students.

When it comes to school supplies, the costs can add up quickly. However there are some strategies that may help reduce expenses:

• Compare prices across multiple retailers
• Purchase supplies gradually during summer sales
• Reuse items that remain in good condition from the previous year
• Check whether local organizations distribute supplies at no cost
• Review teacher lists carefully before making purchases

Some teachers provide additional guidance during the first weeks of school.

How to budget for back to school as an immigrant family

The total cost of a school year is often easier to manage when families plan for it as an ongoing expense rather than isolated expenses. A budget that covers the entire academic year can help reduce unexpected financial pressure.

When preparing a back to school budget, families may also need to consider:

• Transportation
• School meals
• Uniforms when required
• Sports participation fees
• Extracurricular activities
• Technology expenses
• Field trips
• Childcare before or after school

Creating a seasonal budget can make these expenses easier to manage. A useful approach can be to divide costs into three main categories:

Enrollment expenses

These may include uniforms, school supplies, and transportation arrangements before classes begin.

Monthly school expenses

Lunch money, transportation, activity fees, and classroom contributions that continue throughout the year.

Unexpected expenses

Field trips, special projects, replacement supplies, and school events can appear with limited notice.

Considering those three categories can help families avoid relying on emergency funds during the school year. However, it is always important to consider your context and plan according to your own needs.

School support programs for immigrant families

Accessing available school support programs can help reduce some of the challenges families face during the academic year. School districts frequently partner with local organizations to provide services that support student success both inside and outside the classroom. These resources can help families navigate academic, language, and financial barriers that may arise during the school year.

Available resources vary by location but may include:

School meal programs

Eligible students may qualify for breakfast and lunch programs offered through their school district.

English learning services

Students developing English skills may receive language instruction and academic support.

After-school programs

Schools, community centers, and nonprofit organizations often provide academic enrichment and recreational activities.

School supply assistance

Some districts, churches, and community organizations distribute backpacks and school supplies before the academic year begins.

Family resource centers

Certain districts maintain offices that help families access educational resources, translation services, and community support programs.

These programs are designed to help students participate fully in school regardless of their family's circumstances. Checking what is available locally can help families take advantage of resources that support learning, nutrition, and school involvement.

How Común helps you manage school year expenses

Back-to-school season can involve a wide range of financial responsibilities. School supplies, transportation costs, lunch expenses, extracurricular activities, and classroom contributions can create recurring expenses throughout the year.

For families who also support relatives abroad, the back-to-school season may extend beyond the United States. Some immigrants may contribute to support the educational expenses for children back home.

Común offers remittance services that allow eligible customers to send money to Latin America directly through the app, with fees starting at $2.99.

For everyday financial management, eligible customers can open an account using an ITIN, a passport, or more than 100 accepted Latin American IDs. Común also offers features that can help families manage school-year spending, including direct deposit, debit card access, and customer support in Spanish through the app with no mínimum balance requirements or monthly maintenance fees.

For group expenses such as field trips, classroom activities, sports teams, or shared school purchases, ComunPay can help parents collect and send payments directly from the app.

This school year, organizing expenses in one place can make it easier to track spending, support family members, and prepare for school-related costs throughout the year.

FAQ

Do I need immigration documents to enroll my children in school?

Public schools cannot deny enrollment solely because of a child's or parent's immigration status. School districts commonly request proof of age, residency, and immunization records, but immigration documentation is generally not required for enrollment.

When does the school year start in the U.S.?

Most schools begin classes between early August and early September. Exact dates vary by state, district, and school system.

Are school supply lists longer in the U.S. than in Latin America?

It depends. Teachers often provide detailed lists that may include classroom supplies, technology accessories, and shared materials used throughout the school year.

What vaccinations do my children need to enter school in the U.S.?

Vaccination requirements vary by state and school district. Schools typically provide a list of required immunizations during enrollment, and additional guidance may be available through local health departments.

How can I help my children with the language if they don't speak English when they arrive?

Many public schools offer English learning programs that provide language support while students continue learning grade-level subjects. Additional tutoring and community programs may also be available locally.

Are there financial aid programs for school supplies for low-income families?

Some school districts, nonprofit organizations, religious institutions, and community groups distribute school supplies or provide financial assistance before the academic year begins. Availability depends on the location and program requirements.

Are you looking for an option to send and receive money within the United States? In the digital era, it is essential to have access to an immediate, secure, and free transfer service.

Sometimes sending and receiving money can be challenging due to high fees or limited access to the banking system. For this reason, knowing how to register for Zelle and learning about alternative solutions such as Comun will be extremely useful for sending money without complications through the most efficient services.

In this guide, we will explain what Zelle is, how to register, what requirements are necessary to send and receive money, and why Comun works as a complementary solution to expand your options when facing restrictions that could hinder your access to mobile payment services.

What Is Zelle and How Does It Work for Your Daily Payments?

Zelle is a digital P2P (peer-to-peer) payment service available in the United States. It is associated with more than 20,200 traditional and digital banks and credit unions, such as Bank of America, Wells Fargo, Ally Bank, Capital One, and Navy Federal Credit Union. Zelle is well known for its wide coverage and ease of transferring funds between users of this system.

Other advantages of Zelle include:

• Near-Instant Transfers
  Users can receive their money within minutes.
  
  
• Ease of Use
  It is directly linked to bank applications, eliminating the need for an external app.
  
  
• Security
  It is backed directly by banking institutions, so you can be confident that your money will reach its destination.
  
  
• Usage Fees
  You can send and receive money without paying commissions to other Zelle users.
  
  

Please note that Zelle is only available within the United States. If you need to make international transfers, find the best options here.

How Does Zelle Work?‍

Zelle operates through its connection with their affiliated banks’ applications. To send and receive money, you must first verify that your bank is part of this service’s network.

If so, complete your registration directly through your bank’s online platform and begin sending and receiving money to your account using a phone number or email address.

Using Zelle is very practical for daily transactions such as paying rent or purchasing goods and services. It is also a secure way to send money to family and friends.

In addition to Zelle, there are other alternatives for sending and receiving money within the United States. Discover the 6 best mobile apps of 2025.

What Changed in Zelle in January 2025?

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Zelle announced an important change in its application that took effect in April 2025. The change consists of eliminating transfers through its standalone app, as the service can now only be accessed through the online banking platforms of U.S. financial institutions integrated into its network.

If you wish to download the Zelle app, you may still use it to review your payment history.

How to Download Zelle to My Phone: Key Requirements to Register and Use It Without Complications
To have a Zelle account, you only need to meet the following requirements:

• U.S. Mobile Phone Number or Email Address
  To use Zelle, you only need to register a phone number and an email address. Your contacts can use either of these to send you money easily.
• U.S. Bank Account
  Since Zelle operates directly through bank connections, having an account with one of the institutions integrated into its network is mandatory.
  Check the list of banks that offer Zelle on their website and ensure you will be able to use the service in 2025.
  
  
• Banking Application
  Finally, you must download your financial institution’s mobile banking app, as you will access Zelle through it.
  
  

What Can I Do If I Cannot Open an Account in the United States ?

Sometimes, opening an account is not accessible for many individuals, whether due to lack of required documentation or insufficient credit history.

If this is your situation, Comun is a great alternative for sending money to your loved ones safely, quickly, and at low cost.

Comun is a platform that understands the needs of immigrant communities in the United States. Open your account today and experience an accessible alternative for your finances.

4 Simple Steps to Register for Zelle‍

If you are wondering how to open a Zelle account, simply follow these steps:

1. Open Your Bank’s Mobile Application (If It Is a Zelle Partner)
Once you verify that your bank works with Zelle, open the mobile application and register if you have not done so yet.

2. Locate the Transfers and Payments Section
In the main menu, click on the transfers and payments section, then select “Send Money with Zelle.”

3. Register Your U.S. Phone Number or Email Address
To send and receive money with Zelle, it is necessary to register a U.S. phone number and an email address.

4. Link Your Bank Account
Confirm your information and start sending and receiving money with Zelle quickly after completing a test transaction.

With Your Comun Account, Make and Receive Payments Easily and Quickly

Undoubtedly, Zelle is an excellent tool for bank transfers, offering a fast and very simple service to use. Although it is only available to users of participating banks, it has broad coverage.

While Zelle represents a practical solution for many users, it has limitations such as requiring an eligible U.S. bank account.

Comun, on the other hand, is an alternative solution that goes beyond traditional limitations, as it allows you to send international transfers using your official national identification. It is designed for immigrants in the United States and offers simplified financial management. This service provides you with:

• A debit card to make purchases at physical establishments
  
• Access to a mobile app for better financial control
  
• The ability to send remittances to your loved ones for a fee starting at $2.99 per transaction up to the applicable limits
  
• The opportunity to join our community that understands your needs
  

Download the Comun app and enjoy transparent, easy, and personalized finance designed for you.

‍

Unmatched Ease of Opening an Account

Opening a checking account with Comun is simple and hassle-free, addressing the barriers to financial exclusion typically faced by the immigrant community. Accepting over 100 forms of identification², including social security numbers from Latin American countries, Comun ensures that immigrants have access to essential banking services. The application process is quick, taking less than 5 minutes, and is free of additional or hidden fees, minimum balance requirements or monthly commissions. This inclusiveness is central to Comun's mission of fostering financial stability and growth.

Mobile Deposit Options

ComunComun offers a convenient mobile deposit feature that allows users to deposit cash at more than 88,000 locations in the United States, including major retailers such as Walgreens, Dollar General and Walmart. This extensive network ensures that users can easily find a deposit location near them, making the process of adding money to their accounts simple and hassle-free.

Traditional Banking: Although many traditional banks offer mobile deposit options, they often restrict these to check deposits through a mobile app. Cash deposits typically require a visit to an ATM or bank branch, which can be less convenient and more time-consuming than Comun's extensive cash deposit network.

Utility in Today's World: In today's fast-paced environment, the flexibility to deposit cash in a wide range of accessible locations is invaluable, especially for individuals who may not have easy access to traditional banking services or who work non-traditional hours when banks are closed.

International Remittances

ComunComun excels in facilitating international remittances⁴, allowing users to send money abroad quickly and with lower fees compared to many traditional banks and remittance services. The process is enhanced with real-time notifications, keeping the sender informed from the moment the money is sent until it is received.

Traditional Banking: Traditional banks generally offer international transfer services, but these can be expensive and slow, with transfers sometimes taking several days to complete. In addition, the fees associated with traditional bank remittances can be significantly higher.

Usefulness in Today's World: In a globalized economy, the ability to send money across borders quickly and affordably is crucial. Many families rely on remittances for financial support, and businesses need efficient ways to handle international transactions. Comun's streamlined and cost-effective service effectively meets these modern demands.

Advance Salary Access

Comun: Comun offers the ability to connect wages to the application and receive payment up to two days in advance³. This feature incurs no additional fees, providing significant relief during financial emergencies or when planning ahead.

Traditional Banking: Some traditional banks have begun to offer similar features, but they are often tied to specific types of accounts or require a minimum balance. The accessibility and ease of use of early access to Comun's salary is not always matched in traditional environments.

Usefulness in Today's World: With the rise of gig economy jobs and irregular pay schedules, having early access to wages can provide a buffer against financial instability. This feature is particularly valuable for those living paycheck to paycheck, offering a cushion that can help avoid overdraft fees and late payments.

Unlike traditional banking institutions, Comun's innovative features are designed to meet the needs of today's diverse and mobile population, particularly benefiting the immigrant community in the U.S. By providing services that offer greater convenience, lower costs and greater accessibility, Comun not only addresses common challenges faced by its users, but also empowers them toward greater financial freedom and stability. As we move toward a more interconnected and fast-paced world, the importance of responsive and inclusive financial services continues to grow, something Comun is uniquely positioned to offer.

Robust Security and Customer Support

Security and customer support are paramount at Comun. With FDIC-insured accounts and Visa protection on virtual Visa debit card transactions, Comun customers can manage their funds with confidence. Innovative security features such as biometric logins and instant transaction notifications keep your money safe. In addition, Comun offers 24/7 customer support in English and Spanish, ensuring that help is always available in your preferred language.

Commitment to Zero Fees and Upward Mobility

Comun stands out not only for offering zero fees for account opening, monthly maintenance or minimum balances, but also for its commitment to helping its users move up the financial ladder. Comun acts as a financial partner, supporting financial transactions without the burden of excessive fees. This commitment aligns with the goal of enabling upward mobility for immigrants, who contribute significantly to the U.S. economy.

Customized Features and Benefits

Comun goes beyond traditional financial services by offering features designed to meet the unique needs of the immigrant community. Users can send money abroad with low or no fees, deposit cash at more than 88,000 locations nationwide, including free ATM withdrawals, and connect their accounts to popular payment apps such as Zelle, CashApp and Venmo. Comun's platform also allows customers to receive their paychecks up to two days early through direct deposit, further enhancing their financial flexibility and stability.

Conclusion

Comun is not just a financial services provider, but a platform dedicated to transforming the banking experience for immigrants in the U.S. With its user-focused design, commitment to financial freedom and robust features, Comun is destined to become a vital tool for achieving financial stability and growth for its users. Whether you are looking to manage your daily finances or send money to loved ones abroad quickly and securely, Comun offers a reliable, inclusive and efficient banking solution.

Foundational Moment: Did you know?

Founded by entrepreneurs Mark Selcow and Andres Santos in New York, Comun was built to empower families and enable upward mobility, particularly for the immigrant family. The company has garnered significant investment from prominent firms such as Costanoa Ventures, FJ Labs and South Park Commons, underscoring the tremendous opportunity to serve the financial needs of immigrant families and improve the lives of every individual.

What is a certified check and how does it work?

Certified checks are a common form of payment for thousands of immigrants living in the United States, especially for major purchases such as rent payments, buying a car, and legal settlements.

However, it is not always clear why the certification process matters and how it differs from other types of checks.

A certified check is a physical payment order that has been reviewed in advance by a financial institution to ensure there are sufficient funds in the issuer’s bank account. This is the fundamental reason it’s considered a safer form of payment than a personal check.

Below, we explain in detail what a certified check is, how it works, and why it’s important to understand the differences from other types of checks.

What is a certified check?

A certified check is a type of check with guaranteed funds, since the issuing bank has verified the money exists in the checking or personal account.

This makes it a safer form of payment than personal checks, because the bank sets aside the amount to be paid so it can be collected by the payee.

How is a certified check issued?

Issuing a certified check is a straightforward process you can complete directly at the financial institution of your choice.

• The customer requests the check

The account holder must go to a bank and request a certified check, specifying the payee and the amount.

• Customer identification

You must present an official ID to verify that you are the holder of the savings or checking account from which the funds will be drawn.

• The bank freezes the amount in the account

The bank then certifies there are sufficient funds to cover the check and freezes them to ensure the payee can cash it.

• Signature certification

You must sign the check before finishing the process so the bank can confirm the signature matches the one on file.

Affixing the certification stamp

Finally, once the bank has verified the funds and the signature, it places a certification stamp to document completion of the process.

Differences between a certified check and a cashier’s check

A cashier’s check is another way to make secure payments using a physical instrument. In this case, the bank branch issues the check after receiving the customer’s payment, so the funds come from the bank itself.

Below is a comparison between a cashier’s check and a certified check.

Cashier’s check

Certified check

Security

High; the bank verifies sufficient funds and places a hold for the payee.

Very high; the check is backed by the bank and does not depend on the issuer’s account.

Cost

At some banks they have no cost at others up to approximately $15.

Depends on the bank; typically $10–$20.

Issuance time

At the branch, after funds are verified.

Immediate.

When is a certified check typically required?

A certified check is commonly used for significant transactions or large amounts. This gives the recipient assurance that funds are available.

• Paying an apartment security deposit.

When finalizing a lease or purchasing an apartment, the landlord or agent may request payment via certified check to guarantee funds.

• Buying a used car.

Whether dealing directly with owners or dealerships, a certified check can be a suitable option because of the security it provides.

• Closing an important contract or legal settlement.

For example, to pay fees, settlements, or indemnities, certified checks provide security for both parties.

• For tuition or school fees.

Some educational institutions accept certified checks as a form of payment, especially for international or first-time payments.

Do you know what to do if a check is stolen or lost? We explain it here!

Practical tips for using certified checks safely

While certified checks are among the safest payment methods due to the bank’s verification process, there are still fraud attempts using forged documents.

With this in mind, keep these tips in mind to avoid becoming a victim of check fraud.

How to know if a check has funds and avoid scams

• Verify with the issuing bank. 

Call the bank directly and provide the check number, account holder, and amount; ask them to confirm authenticity and that funds are guaranteed. Make sure you call the bank’s official number, not the one printed on the check.

• Be alert if you receive an overpayment check. 

A common scam is sending a check for more than the amount due and asking for the difference in cash. Confirm the check’s validity with the bank before proceeding.

• Wait for the check to clear before handing over any goods. 

Clearing can take 3–10 days. Make sure the funds have fully settled and are not just on hold.

• Avoid accepting checks from unknown parties. 

Whenever possible, accept checks only from people you trust. If you must take a check, follow the security measures above.

Manage your money securely with Común

In this article we explained what a certified check is, how it’s issued, how it differs from cashier’s checks, and how to use this payment method safely.

While certified checks can be a good payment option, a checking account in the U.S. is a much more secure and practical way to manage money.

Meet Común, your financial ally in the United States!

Send, receive, and cash money within and outside the United States. Our platform lets you move your money easily, quickly, and securely. You need a qualifying official ID from your country of origin to get started.

Open your account with Común today and discover a financial platform tailored to you.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Where can I get a certified check in the United States?

You can request certified checks at financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, and some digital banks.

How much does it cost to get a certified check at the bank?

The cost depends on the bank but is typically between $10 and $15.

What other types of checks exist in the U.S. besides certified checks?

Other types of checks in the United States include: Money order; Personal check; Cashier’s check.

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What is a bank account number and understanding bank account numbers: A 2026 guide for immigrants

If you recently opened your first bank account in the U.S. or received account and routing numbers you do not fully understand, learning what these numbers mean can make everyday banking much easier. These numbers are commonly used for direct deposits, tax refunds, ACH transfers, and automatic bill payments.

Your bank account number works as the identifier for your personal account within the banking system. Combined with your routing number, it helps employers, government agencies, and payment platforms send money to the correct place securely.

What is a bank account number?

A bank account number is a unique sequence of digits assigned to an account holder by a financial institution. It functions much like a physical address for your account within the broader banking network, distinguishing your account from others and ensuring that transactions are accurately processed.

Structure of a bank account number

The format of bank account numbers varies by financial institution, but generally includes several key components:

• Bank code/institution number: identifies the financial institution
• Branch code/sort code: identifies the specific branch where the account was opened
• Account number: the unique identifier for your personal account
• Check digits: help detect typing errors

What is the bank account number used for?

• Payroll direct deposits
• IRS tax refunds
• ACH transfers between banks
• Automatic bill payments
• Identity verification with financial institutions

Account number vs. routing number: what is the difference?

Routing number:

A 9-digit code that identifies the bank or financial institution. It is the same for all customers at the same bank.

Account number:

Unique to your specific account. No one else at the bank has the same account number as you.

When setting up a direct deposit, you generally need to provide BOTH: your bank's routing number and your personal account number.

Where do you find your account number?

• On your checkbook checks (bottom section)
• In your bank's mobile app (account information section)
• On bank statements
• By contacting your bank's customer service

How to protect your account number

• Share it only with trusted entities like your employer or the IRS
• Monitor your account regularly for unauthorized activity
• Do not post it on social media or unsecured emails
• If you suspect your account number was compromised, contact your bank immediately

FAQ

Does my account number change if I lose my debit card?

Generally no. Your card number is different from your bank account number. When you lose your card, the bank issues a new card with a different number but your bank account number generally remains the same.

Can I have more than one account number at the same bank?

Yes. If you have multiple accounts (e.g., checking and savings) at the same institution, each account has its own unique number but they will share the same routing number.

Común is a financial technology company and not a bank. Banking services are provided by Community Federal Savings Bank, Member FDIC.

Rechazado: ¿Por Qué?

Imagina esto: Estás en la fila de la caja, listo para pagar tus compras. Has calculado cuidadosamente tu presupuesto para la semana, y ahora es el momento de deslizar tu tarjeta. Pero en lugar del habitual sonido de aprobación, escuchas un sonido diferente, y el cajero te dice que tu transacción ha sido rechazada. Avergonzado y confundido, buscas otra tarjeta o efectivo, mientras te preguntas qué salió mal.

Límites de Transacciones

Cada banco e institución financiera impone ciertos límites a las transacciones para garantizar la seguridad y gestionar el riesgo. Estos límites pueden variar según el tipo de transacción:

• Límites de Retiro Diario: Puede haber un límite en la cantidad de efectivo que puedes retirar de un cajero automático en un solo día.
• Límites de Compra: Las transacciones realizadas con tu tarjeta de débito o crédito pueden tener un límite máximo por transacción o por día.
• Límites de Transferencia: Las transferencias entre cuentas, especialmente las internacionales, a menudo tienen límites establecidos para prevenir fraudes.

Si tu transacción excede estos límites predefinidos, será rechazada. Siempre verifica la política de tu banco sobre límites de transacciones y planifica tus transacciones en consecuencia.

Entrada Incorrecta del PIN y Reglas de Protección Contra Fraudes

Tu Número de Identificación Personal (PIN) es crucial para autorizar transacciones. Sin embargo, si el PIN se ingresa incorrectamente más de cuatro veces, la transacción será automáticamente rechazada. Esta es una medida de seguridad para prevenir el acceso no autorizado a tu cuenta.

Si olvidas tu PIN, puedes recuperarlo fácilmente a través de tu aplicación bancaria en la sección de tarjetas. Asegúrate de memorizarlo o almacenarlo de manera segura para evitar rechazos repetidos.

Para proteger a los clientes contra fraudes, los bancos tienen reglas para bloquear transacciones que parezcan sospechosas. Estas pueden incluir:

• Patrones de Gasto Inusuales: Transacciones grandes o fuera de lo Común pueden activar un bloqueo.
• Restricciones Geográficas: Las transacciones desde ubicaciones alejadas de tu actividad habitual pueden ser señaladas.
• Rechazos Repetidos: Múltiples rechazos o intentos fallidos pueden llevar a un bloqueo temporal.

Si planeas hacer una compra grande o viajar internacionalmente, notifica a tu banco con anticipación para evitar rechazos innecesarios.

Depósitos en Efectivo y Saldo Insuficiente

Al depositar efectivo en un cajero automático, es importante saber que los depósitos generalmente solo se pueden hacer en cuentas corrientes y en cajeros automáticos específicos como Allpoint+. Intentar depositar efectivo en un cajero diferente o en una cuenta de ahorros resultará en un error. Siempre verifica el tipo de cuenta y las capacidades del cajero automático antes de intentar un depósito.

Además, una de las razones más comunes para una transacción rechazada es un saldo insuficiente. Asegúrate de tener suficientes fondos en tu cuenta antes de realizar una transacción. Puedes verificar fácilmente tu saldo usando tu aplicación bancaria. Monitorear regularmente tu cuenta ayuda a evitar transacciones rechazadas y posibles cargos por sobregiro.

Común - Banca diseñada para tu vida en USA

Abre tu cuenta bancaria¹ en 3 minutos con la ID de tu país²

Abre tu cuenta

Activación de Tarjetas o Bloqueo de Tarjetas

Cuando recibes una nueva tarjeta física, debe ser activada antes de su uso. Hasta que se active, cualquier intento de usar la tarjeta será rechazado. La activación generalmente se puede hacer rápidamente a través de tu aplicación bancaria en la sección de tarjetas. Sigue las instrucciones proporcionadas por tu banco para asegurarte de que tu tarjeta esté lista para su uso.

Por otro lado, por razones de seguridad, es posible que necesites bloquear tu tarjeta si se pierde, es robada o si sospechas de actividad fraudulenta. Esto se puede hacer fácilmente a través de tu aplicación bancaria en la sección de tarjetas. Bloquear la tarjeta previene cualquier transacción no autorizada y te da control sobre la seguridad de tu cuenta.

Entendiendo las Transacciones Rechazadas

Más allá de las razones comunes, hay factores adicionales que pueden llevar a una transacción rechazada:

• Límite de Crédito: Si has alcanzado el límite de crédito de tu tarjeta, cualquier transacción adicional será rechazada. Puedes solicitar un aumento del límite de crédito a tu emisor de tarjeta si frecuentemente alcanzas tu límite.
• Información de Pago Incorrecta: Asegúrate de que la dirección de facturación, el número de la tarjeta y la fecha de vencimiento ingresados sean correctos. Un número de tarjeta de crédito incorrecto o una dirección de facturación incorrecta resultará en una transacción rechazada.
• Tarjeta Expirada: Usar una tarjeta expirada llevará a una transacción rechazada. Siempre verifica la fecha de vencimiento y actualiza tu método de pago con una nueva tarjeta cuando sea necesario.
• Fraude Sospechado: Los bancos pueden rechazar transacciones que sospechan son fraudulentas. Esto incluye transacciones en una ciudad o país diferente. Puedes contactar a tu banco para resolver las alertas de fraude y autorizar la transacción.
• Crédito Disponible Insuficiente: Para transacciones con tarjeta de crédito, asegúrate de tener suficiente crédito disponible para cubrir la compra. Monitorear tu saldo restante puede ayudar a evitar rechazos.
• Rechazos Temporales y Finales: Los rechazos temporales (soft declines) son temporales y se pueden volver a intentar, mientras que los rechazos finales (hard declines) son definitivos y requieren contactar al banco emisor para su resolución.

Te enseñamos todo lo que necesitas saber sobre las cuentas bancarias en Estados Unidos.

Conclusión

Entender las razones detrás de las transacciones rechazadas puede ayudarte a gestionar tus finanzas de manera más efectiva y evitar estrés innecesario. Familiarizándote con los límites de transacciones, utilizando correctamente tu PIN, estando consciente de las medidas de protección contra fraudes, asegurando un saldo suficiente, activando nuevas tarjetas y sabiendo cómo bloquear tu tarjeta si es necesario, puedes asegurar experiencias bancarias más fluidas y seguras. Mantente proactivo con tus hábitos bancarios y utiliza las herramientas proporcionadas por tu banco para mantener el control sobre tus actividades financieras.

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