Online banking refers to a financial institution with a digital presence on the web, accessible from different devices. Online banking has features that set it apart from other platforms — its main characteristic is that money and account management happen entirely online. Here are the main things that set it apart from traditional banking and other platforms — keep reading!

Features of Online Banking

Now that you know what online banking is, here are the different features it offers:

Convenience: You don't need to complete part of a transaction online and finish it in person at the bank. Online banking can offer 100% online transactions, depending on the institution.

Functionality: Banking today has improved the user experience to the point that most apps are user-friendly, offering a wide range of financial products and tools so users don't have to complete some confirmations in person at the branch.

Security: This is one of the aspects online banking has focused on most, and one of the factors that limited financial products for customers in the past. Today, there's a wide range of tools that make online transactions secure, including:

Banking software: Banks have internal software that protects users — in payment methods, IP location recognition, and payment processing and authentication.

Two-factor authentication: With mobile apps, security is properly guaranteed through online banking.

Security protocols: These are the steps required to access certain financial tools. Some protocols require two-factor verification, others use randomized codes depending on the bank's criteria.

Advantages of Online Banking

Over the years, online banking has optimized its digital processes, resulting in a number of benefits for users, including:

Time savings: You don't need to go to a bank branch to complete a transaction and wait to be helped after a long wait at the branch.

Better communication: Complaints are handled promptly on many platforms. Generally, the solution is found in one of the menus within the app. This is mainly due to the standardization of solutions for the most common issues regular users face, available as options within the platform.

Streamlined processes: The ease of acquiring financial products, choosing promotional cards, making both domestic and international transactions, and checking real-time spending make online banking an ideal option.

Ease of use: The options the platform offers make navigation within the app (for smartphones) or platform extremely user-friendly.

For these reasons, it's worth understanding the different operations related to online banking, including:

Opening a bank account online.

Making transfers online.

Getting benefits through online banking.

Setting up bill pay through your bank.

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Community banking focuses on meeting the financial needs of specific communities, often underserved by large traditional banks. Digital platforms like Común extend that approach to the immigrant community, with documentation requirements adapted to their reality.

What is community banking?

It's a financial services model focused on serving specific communities — geographic, cultural, or need-based — that often have less access to traditional banking.

How does community banking benefit local economies?

By making bank accounts, remittances, and savings more accessible, it helps more people participate in the formal economy instead of relying on informal services with higher fees.

How does this approach apply to the immigrant community in the U.S.?

Platforms like Común accept Latin American IDs instead of requiring an SSN, specifically addressing the documentation barriers this community faces.

Frequently asked questions

What sets community banking apart from a large traditional bank?

It focuses on the specific needs of a particular community, with adapted requirements and products, instead of a generic model.

Does community banking only exist for geographic communities?

No, it can also focus on cultural or need-based communities, like the immigrant community.

How does this help the local economy?

More people with formal banking access means less reliance on costly informal services, like check-cashing stores.

Is Común an example of community banking?

Común is a digital financial platform designed for the immigrant community, with documentation requirements adapted to that community.

What documentation requirements does Común adapt?

It accepts over 100 Latin American IDs instead of requiring a Social Security Number.

Does community banking have the same costs as traditional banking?

It varies by provider; many digital community banking platforms, including Común, don't charge a monthly fee or require a minimum balance.

Surely during your stay in the United States you have heard about the well-known Green Card or permanent resident card.

It is a document issued by the U.S. government that allows immigrants to reside and work legally and permanently.

For immigrants, obtaining it is of utmost importance, as it also opens the door to several benefits, such as legal protection, the right to purchase property, and the ability to apply for lawful permanent residence for family members.

Thousands of migrants in the United States often ask the big question: “How can I live legally in the United States?” We know how important it is for you to achieve better living conditions to support your family and loved ones. Therefore, below you’ll find a guide with practical steps, eligibility categories, and the documents needed to obtain a Green Card and change your life in the United States.

Eligibility categories for the Green Card

There are several paths to obtain a green card. To know which one to take, you need to be clear about both your immigration status and the eligibility category that applies to your profile.

Family-based Green Card

The first category refers to permanent residence granted through immediate family members who already have legal status in the United States.

It is divided as follows:

• Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: spouses and unmarried children under 21.

You must wait for approval of Form I-130 and then apply for residence; there is no annual cap.

• Family preference category: unmarried children over 21 of citizens; spouses and children of permanent residents; married children of citizens; and siblings of citizens.

You must file Form I-485. For this, you must wait until your priority date becomes current on the Visa Bulletin. Otherwise, you can only file the I-130.

Employment-based Green Card

• EB-1 visa: individuals with extraordinary ability, such as distinguished professors or researchers.

• EB-2 visa: accomplished professionals with an advanced degree and exceptional ability.

• EB-3 visa: skilled workers, professionals, and “other workers.”

• EB-4 visa: special categories such as religious workers, U.S. government employees, members of the Armed Forces, among others.

• EB-5 visa: for investors who allocate substantial funds to businesses that create at least 10 jobs in the country.

Process to obtain a work-based visa

• The employer files the PERM Labor Certification, demonstrating that there are no qualified or available U.S. workers for the position. To do this, they must submit Form ETA-9089 to the Department of Labor.

• Once employment authorization is obtained, the employer must file Form I-140 with USCIS, along with the approved PERM certification.

• The employee must apply for adjustment of status via Form I-485 (if in the United States) or do consular processing at a U.S. embassy.

• For the EB-2 visa, applicants may choose the National Interest Waiver (NIW), which eliminates the need for PERM.

Remember that to work legally in the United States you must obtain an SSN. Before obtaining residence, migrants often use an ITIN to file their tax returns.

Green Card for special immigrants

• VAWA visa: victims of abuse by a U.S. citizen or permanent resident.

• SIJ visa: minors who have been abused or abandoned by their parents.

• In both cases, applicants must file Form I-360.

Green Card through refugee or asylee status

• People admitted through an asylum claim or refugee status, as well as their immediate family members.

• In both cases, applicants must be physically present in the United States for at least 1 year and then file Form I-485.

Other categories

In addition, there are other less common categories:

• Diversity Visa (Green Card Lottery): an annual lottery of up to 50,000 slots. Selectees receive a consular interview, though it does not guarantee a visa.

• Cuban Adjustment Act: a special adjustment program for Cuban nationals.

Each category has different eligibility requirements and processing times, so it is very important to consult U.S. government guidance and, if needed, seek the support of an immigration attorney.

Steps to apply for a Green Card

Once you know, in broad strokes, the requirements to obtain a Green Card, you need to be clear about the application process you must follow.

Determine eligibility

Before starting any process, review the categories above and determine which best fits your profile—family, employment, special immigrants, etc.

We recommend reviewing the Visa Bulletin to verify the documents required for your category and ensure you have them.

File the initial petition

Once you are clear on the category that applies to you, you must file the form indicated for that category, along with the required supporting documents, for example:

• Valid passport (required for any category).

• Evidence of the family relationship, such as birth or marriage certificates.

• Job offer letter.

Adjustment of status or consular processing

After your corresponding form is approved, you must apply for adjustment of status or consular processing and pay the fee required by the Department of State.

• If you are in the United States, file Form I-485 along with evidence of eligibility.

• If you are in another country, you must submit the DS-260 at a U.S. consulate. This is the immigrant visa application for permanent residence.

Interview and biometrics

In the next step, you must attend an adjustment-of-status appointment, at which USCIS will take your fingerprints, biometrics, photo, and signature.

You must also attend an interview to answer questions related to your eligibility category.

Receiving the Green Card

Finally, your Green Card will be mailed to your address. Make sure to check that all details are correct and keep it in a safe place.

After some time, you may apply for citizenship if you meet the necessary requirements.

Maintaining and renewing the Green Card

Once you have your green card in hand, you must keep track of renewal periods to avoid issues after the expiration date.

Renewal and replacement

• A regular Green Card is valid for 10 years.

• To replace your Green Card, you must file Form I-90 at least 6 months before the expiration date.

• The same form is also used in case of damage or loss.

Removal of conditions

• Applies to conditional residents with a 2-year Green Card, generally based on a recent marriage to a U.S. citizen.

• File Form I-751 for marriage-based cases or the corresponding form for your category.

• You must submit the documentation required by USCIS, as well as attend an additional interview.

Important rules

• If you change your address, be sure to report it to USCIS promptly.

• If for any reason you need to spend more than 6 consecutive months outside the United States, be sure to obtain a reentry permit (Advance Parole or Reentry Permit). Otherwise, you could risk losing your residence.

• Refrain from actions considered abandonment of residence, such as surrendering the card or voting in foreign countries.

• Keep an eye on your Green Card’s validity and renew it when appropriate.

Organize your financial life in the U.S. with Común

As you can see, the process of obtaining a Green Card is long and exhausting. Therefore, it is essential to understand the different categories, steps, forms, and the key points to maintain your permanent residence.

Another relevant point for improving your stay in the United States is having partners who understand your needs.

We present Común, the financial platform that addresses day-to-day needs through an intuitive mobile app, where you can easily open an account with qualifying official identification from your country of origin.

It also offers remittance services to several countries, helping your family receive more for less.

Why choose Común?

• Open a secure account with clear and competitive fees.

• Receive deposits and send remittances home.

• Get a debit card for daily expenses and financial control.

• Ability to save and plan your finances as you settle in the United States.

Open your account with Común today and get financial services tailored to you.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, consult our FAQs.

Can I travel outside the U.S. while my application is in process?

You need to obtain Advance Parole (Form I-131), since leaving the country could cancel your application.

When can I apply for citizenship after obtaining a Green Card?

You must be a permanent resident for at least 5 years, or 3 if based on marriage, and have lived continuously in the United States and fulfilled tax obligations.

How long does the Green Card process take?

It depends on the category and whether you apply inside or outside the country. In general, the wait time is approximately 1 to 3 years.

How much does it cost to apply for a Green Card?

The cost varies by category. Check USCIS’s fee calculator to get a clear figure.

What is the difference between the I-485 and the DS-260?

The I-485 is the adjustment-of-status application to permanent resident filed within the United States, whereas the DS-260 is the immigrant visa application filed from another country.

What happens if your Green Card is denied?

You can appeal the decision via Form I-290B or refile the application.

Traditional banks typically charge monthly maintenance fees (between $12 and $25) and overdraft fees (averaging $34 per transaction). Without a bank account, many people end up paying more at check-cashing stores and money transfer services.

Today, many Latinos living in the United States may be overpaying for financial services. According to a 2021 report from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), 24.1% of Hispanic households are underbanked, meaning the household has a checking or savings account at a financial institution but has also used other services (for example, money orders, remittance transfers, check cashing) outside their bank or credit union. Accessing additional services outside a bank can be costly.

The FDIC report also found that 9.3% of Hispanic households are unbanked, meaning no one in the household has a checking or savings account at a financial institution. Not having access to banking services can limit access to certain financial products and services, like savings accounts that offer investment opportunities and insurance options.

To examine the cost Latinos may be paying to access financial services in the United States, Común conducted an analysis comparing the cost if someone were a Común customer versus a traditional financial institution. The study also looked at the cost of not having access to banking services. Additionally, Común analyzed the cost of all three options over the course of a year, and how much someone could save by using a service like Común over one year and over a five-year period.

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Comparison table to translate and rebuild in Webflow (values unchanged):

Financial Service Type | Común | Traditional Bank | Unbanked

Account opening* | $0 | $100* | $0

Monthly cost | $0 | $144.00 | $0

Cash deposit fee (ATM) | $42 | $60 | $0

Remittance fee | $66 | $1,080 | $184

Overdraft fee | $0 | $0 | $0

Early direct deposit | $0 | $0 | $0

Check deposit fee | N/A | $0 | $96

Money order fees | N/A | N/A | $24

Total | $108 | $1,284 | $304

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*Note: Común did not include the account opening fee in the total for the traditional bank, since we assumed this user would not maintain minimum balance requirements and would therefore incur a $12 monthly fee.

How Much Customers Can Save in a Year Using a Service Like Común:

Cost of a traditional bank account: $1,176

The cost of being unbanked: $196

How Much Customers Can Save Over Five Years Using a Service Like Común:

Cost of a traditional bank account: $5,881

The cost of being unbanked: $981

Additional Notes

Beyond direct costs like check cashing or money order fees, unbanked people also incur many indirect costs, such as:

1. High borrowing costs: Without a bank account, accessing credit can be more complicated and costly. Unbanked people may turn to alternative financial services, like payday loans or pawn shops, which typically charge high interest rates and fees. Having a bank account and a good banking relationship can qualify people for lower-interest loans and other credit products.
2. Limited access to financial services: Being unbanked can result in limited access to certain financial services and products, like savings accounts, investment opportunities, and insurance options. This lack of access can hinder people's ability to build wealth and protect themselves financially over the long term.
3. Security risks: Keeping cash at home can be risky, since it's vulnerable to theft, loss, or damage. Bank accounts offer a secure way to store and access funds, reducing the risk of financial loss due to theft or other unforeseen circumstances.

Methodology

The analysis was conducted in April 2024 by Común. The data examines the annual cost of using a service like Común, a traditional bank account, or being unbanked for financial services. In this analysis, we looked at the cost of a checking account at a traditional financial institution, as well as the cost of services outside a financial institution, and made these assumptions:

• Minimum balance to open an account
• Común cost: $0
• Traditional financial institution cost: $100, based on the minimum balance needed to open the referenced bank account.
• Monthly cost
• Común cost: $0
• Traditional financial institution cost: A $12 monthly fee, assuming the $1,500 minimum daily balance isn't met
• Two cash deposits (ATM) per month
• Común cost: $0 to use an in-network ATM and $3.50 to use a retail partner to make a deposit. Común assumed a user makes two deposits per month, one at a retail store and one at an in-network ATM.
• Traditional financial institution cost: $2.50 for a deposit at another financial institution and $2.50 if using an out-of-network ATM. For the bank account analyzed in this report, there's no charge for branch cash deposits. However, this bank charges $2.50 for deposits at other ATMs. The retail store will also charge the customer, which varies by location, but Común assumed $2.50.
• Two remittance transfers per month
• Común cost: Customers can send their first remittance at no cost. After that, remittances carry a fee starting at $2.99.
• Traditional financial institution cost: $45 to send international dollar transfers
• For the unbanked, Común assumed the person sends remittances with Western Union, which costs $8 per transfer in flat fees if the user is depositing cash at a Western Union location in the United States and the recipient is picking up cash at a Western Union location in Mexico (source: fee calculator). Común assumed 2 remittances per month over a year, with the first remittance at no cost (a Western Union promotion).
• Check cashing fee
• We assume a user cashes two checks a month and pays $4 each time (fee amount from Walmart).
• Money order fee
• We assume a user buys two money orders a month and pays $1 each time (fee amount from Walmart).

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What does a traditional bank really cost?

Monthly maintenance fees, overdraft charges (averaging $34 per transaction industry-wide), and out-of-network ATM fees are the most common costs that add up at traditional banks.

What does it cost to be unbanked?

People without a bank account often pay more to cash checks (1% to 3% of the check's value at check-cashing stores) and to send money, compared to those with account access.

How do I avoid these costs?

With Común there's no monthly fee, no minimum balance required, and mobile check deposit is at no cost.

Frequently asked questions

How much do traditional banks charge for monthly maintenance?

Generally between $12 and $25 a month, though some banks waive it if you maintain a certain minimum balance.

What's a typical overdraft fee?

The industry average is approximately $34 per transaction.

How much does it cost to cash a check without a bank account?

Check-cashing stores charge between 1% and 3% of the check's value, with a $3-5 minimum.

Does Común charge a maintenance fee?

No, there's no monthly fee and no minimum balance required.

How can I avoid out-of-network ATM fees?

By using ATMs within your provider's network; with Común, AllPoint+ ATMs give you 3 free withdrawals a month.

Is it worth opening a bank account if I don't have much money?

Yes — many digital accounts, like Común's, don't require a minimum balance, so there's no barrier to entry.

Obtaining permanent residence is the goal of millions of immigrants in the United States. The EB-2 visa is one of the most feasible paths to achieve it, since it not only grants the applicant the right to work legally, but to do so within their area of professional expertise.

This type of visa is intended to facilitate immigration for people with advanced university degrees or demonstrable exceptional ability.

If you have a professional career and several years of experience, you may qualify to obtain a Green Card through the EB-2 visa and gain strong job opportunities and stability in the U.S.

Below we explain the requirements to obtain the EB-2 visa, the differences between eligibility categories, and the step-by-step process to secure the pathway that could completely change your working life.

Learn more about the EB-2 visa and why it matters

There are several categories of work visas that can lead to a Green Card. One of them is the EB-2.

There are two routes to obtain this visa:

• With an employer sponsor:

Requires a U.S. employer to file through a process called PERM Labor Certification, which demonstrates the need for a foreign worker due to an insufficient number of qualified U.S. workers.

• With a National Interest Waiver (EB-2 NIW):

Employer involvement is not required; it can be filed as a self-petition showing the work has significant impact or is in the national interest of the United States.

This visa is aimed at professionals with advanced degrees in various fields or with exceptional ability.

The main advantages of the EB-2 over other visas are:

• It puts you on a path to permanent residence.

• It does not rely on capped lotteries.

• It allows you to advance professionally with greater freedom and financial stability.

Differences among the main U.S. employment visas

Understanding immigration procedures and visa application processes can be confusing because of the different categories and specific requirements for each.

Below is a comparison table of the EB-2, EB-3, and EB-5 visas.

EB-2 | EB-3 | EB-5

Approximate processing time with sponsor: at least 12–18 months. With NIW the time may be somewhat shorter. | About 1 to 3 years. | EB-5 processing times vary widely; consult USCIS directly.

Who can apply? Professionals with an advanced degree or exceptional ability. Applicants with skills of national interest. | Skilled workers Professionals with a bachelor’s degree Other workers | Foreign investors who make a minimum investment in a U.S. business and create at least 10 jobs.

Purpose of the visa Obtain permanent residence based on professional merit. NIW allows self-petition. | Obtain permanent residence for skilled workers or professionals. | Obtain permanent residence in exchange for a significant financial investment.

Approximate costs Form I-140: $715 Form I-485 (adjustment of status): $1,440 Consular processing: $325. | Same as EB-2 | $1.8 million standard investment. $900,000 reduced investment if the project is in a TEA area. Form I-526 / I-526E: $11,160 + $100 if investing via a Regional Center.

Main requirements With sponsor: employer files PERM and then Form I-140NIW: show work of national interest. | PERM approved by DOL Employer must file Form I-140Meet additional requirements for other workers. | Proof of lawful, traceable investment in at least the minimum amount. Evidence of creation or preservation of at least 10 jobs. Enter as a conditional resident. File Form I-829 to remove conditions.

What are the requirements to obtain the EB-2 visa?

It’s important to stress that applicants must meet specific requirements to obtain the EB-2 visa in any of its modalities.

These are requirements you cannot overlook:

Requirements via advanced academic degree

Holding an advanced degree is the most common way to obtain an EB-2 visa.

• An advanced degree is considered a master’s, doctorate, or post-doctoral degree.

• A person with a bachelor’s degree may apply, as long as they can show at least 5 years of experience.

Requirements via exceptional ability

Another alternative is to demonstrate exceptional ability in fields such as the arts, sciences, business, or others.

This means reaching a level of expertise significantly above ordinary. It must be shown with at least 3 types of documentary evidence:

• Recognitions: achievements, distinctions, and awards received.

• Work record: employer letters and proof of years of work experience.

• Memberships: belonging to associations that require meeting professional standards and merits.

National Interest Waiver (NIW)

Allows applying without a sponsor or labor certification.

These are the 3 criteria for the EB-2 NIW, according to USCIS:

• The endeavor has substantial merit.

• It has national importance for the United States.

• The applicant is well positioned to advance it.

This visa is widely used by researchers, physicians, businesspeople, and entrepreneurs who can contribute significantly to U.S. society.

How to apply for the EB-2 visa

Below are the key steps to obtain the EB-2 visa.

Determine eligibility

First, determine which subcategory fits your profile—advanced degree, exceptional ability, or NIW. Assess your background and each category’s characteristics to decide where to apply.

File the initial petition

Generally, you will file Form I-140, which the employer or the applicant (in the case of NIW) uses to start the visa process.

Adjustment of status or consular processing

For adjustment of status, file Form I-485 if the applicant is in the U.S. Otherwise, proceed via consular processing with the DS-260.

Interview and final decision

USCIS or the consulate will likely require an interview to verify your information and ask questions related to your profile. Once approved, the applicant ultimately obtains lawful permanent residence.

Once in the United States, open your account with Común

In this article, we reviewed what the EB-2 visa is, the requirements to apply, the sponsorship or NIW options, and the key steps in the process.

Although it may seem confusing or endless, it is also a step toward living and working legally in the U.S. and obtaining a residence card.

To start from scratch in a new country, you need allies who understand you.

Común is the financial platform built for immigrants newly arriving in the U.S. who want to manage their money safely. Send money from the United States to Latin America with clear, affordable fees. Your family can receive it directly in bank accounts or pick it up at selected physical locations.

Opening your account is very easy! The mobile app is available in Spanish and English. Comun accepts over 100 qualifying foreign government IDs, and was designed with you in mind.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, see this section:

Can I include my family in the application?

If your petition is approved, you can include your spouse and unmarried children under 21.

How much does it cost to apply for the EB-2?

• I-140 (Immigrant Petition): $715.

• I-485: $1,440.

• USCIS Immigrant Fee (for Green Card issuance): $235.

What if my visa is denied?

You can file an appeal or start a new application.

Immigration procedures in the United States are often exhausting and confusing because of the number of requirements and the associated wait times.

You don’t have to feel alone during these processes: you can rely on a recommendation letter, which gathers family, community, or workplace support from people who truly trust your integrity and are willing to offer genuine backing that could bear on USCIS’s final decision.

Below is a user-friendly, practical guide on how to write an immigration recommendation letter, what it should include, mistakes to avoid, sample letters, and tips to convey credibility and improve your chances in a visa or Green Card process.

What is an immigration recommendation letter and why it matters

A recommendation letter is a personal document that supports U.S. immigration processes and is valued by USCIS. It serves as testimonial evidence of the applicant’s moral character, work ethic, and community contribution.

This supporting letter may be requested to complement documentation for various proceedings:

Permanent residence

Applicants commonly must show “good moral character,” employment stability, and community ties.

Asylum cases

The letter helps reinforce the applicant’s credibility and show they have support in the United States as a contributing community member.

Work visas such as EB-2 NIW

Professionals or researchers often need a recommendation letter from expert peers to substantiate their track record and expertise.

Naturalization

Recommendation letters are not always requested, but they can support evidence of the applicant’s good conduct.

Don’t confuse this with an employment or academic letter; the purpose of an immigration recommendation letter is to attest to the applicant’s good behavior and moral character.

Who can write an immigration recommendation letter?

An immigration recommendation letter should be written by someone with a genuine, close relationship to the applicant who can attest to their positive impact—through family, social, or workplace ties.

These are the main profiles you can ask for a recommendation letter:

Family members

They can testify to the applicant’s role in the family and commitment to loved ones.

Close friends

A close friend can focus on qualities like loyalty, honesty, and trustworthiness to emphasize the applicant’s human side.

Employers or colleagues

They provide key testimony of the applicant’s work ethic and professional responsibility.

Community or religious leaders

These individuals can speak to the applicant’s community involvement and positive impact.

Keep in mind that what matters most is not the recommender’s title, but their sincerity and credibility in vouching for the applicant’s reputation.

Steps and structure for writing an immigration recommendation letter

Although an immigration recommendation letter focuses on the applicant’s ethics and moral character, it is still a document evaluated for order and formality by U.S. authorities.

For that reason, be sure to include the following details.

Header and formal salutation

Include the applicant’s full name, address, date, and a formal salutation to USCIS or the relevant authority.

Sender’s introduction

The sender should state their full name and then explain their relationship to the applicant, how long they’ve known them, and the letter’s purpose.

Body of the letter

This is the most important part and should reflect aspects such as:

• Values: honesty, responsibility, solidarity, etc.

• Community involvement: volunteering, neighborhood activities, or initiatives to address local issues.

• Work ethic: punctuality, discipline, professional attitude, commitment, responsibility, and the applicant’s achievements, etc.

Include concrete examples to reinforce credibility, such as: “Alicia Martínez is known in the community as someone who looks out for others’ well-being, like the times she has actively taken part in trash-collection programs and efforts to help homeless children.”

Closing and signature

The sender should reaffirm support for the applicant and be open to being contacted to clarify any point, so contact details are necessary.

At the end, they should include their name and handwritten signature.

Sample immigration recommendation letter

Below is a reference letter template to make drafting your document easier.

Sender’s full name

Address

Phone number

Email

Date

To the attention of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS):

My name is [Sender’s name], and I have known [Applicant’s name] for [number of years] through our professional relationship at [describe job title and company]. I am honored to provide my testimony in support of their U.S. immigration process.

Over the time I have known them, I have observed qualities such as punctuality in reporting to work and professionalism toward both colleagues and clients.

I am confident that [the applicant] will be a valuable member of U.S. society because of their human values and professional capabilities.

I remain at your disposal and include my contact information in case any questions arise.

[Signature][Full name]

You can use this example as a base, but you should adapt it to the relationship between you and the recommender and add any additional information to convey authenticity and sincerity. Be sure to include the introduction, qualities, examples, and a formal closing.

Común, your financial ally in the United States

Here we’ve shown what an immigration support letter is and how to write one in Spanish, who can write it, its structure, and a practical example.

The main objective of a recommendation letter is to support you in U.S. immigration procedures; likewise, Común supports your financial life upon arrival in the country.

Discover the benefits of Común!

• Open your account easily with qualifying official ID from your country of origin.

• Mobile app in Spanish and English, designed for immigrants, with intuitive, transparent processes.

• Remittances to Latin America with clear, competitive fees, without complicated processes

Común is the financial service designed for immigrant communities in the United States. Open your account today and discover the ideal support for your finances!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, see the section below:

How many recommendation letters do I need for immigration?

There is no specific number. A single well-written letter may be sufficient. For extraordinary-ability visas or National Interest Waivers (NIW), more than four may be required to support the applicant’s professional record.

What if I don’t have anyone to write my immigration letter?

You can ask an immigration attorney to prepare a statement explaining why no one is available to provide a letter.

Is it acceptable to submit a recommendation letter in Spanish?

Ideally, submit the letter in English or include a certified translation to avoid issues during the visa application.

What Is an SSN?

A Social Security Number (SSN) is a unique nine-digit code assigned by the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) to citizens, permanent residents, and certain eligible temporary residents. Originally designed to manage Social Security benefits, the SSN is now widely used for tax filing, credit history, and access to government services.

People must submit their SSN application to the address provided by the Social Security Administration.

Key facts about SSNs:

• Eligibility: U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and certain non-citizens authorized to work are eligible for an SSN.
• Uses: SSNs are used for employment, tax filing, Social Security benefits, and access to government services.
• Financial access: SSNs are often required to open bank accounts, apply for credit, and get loans.

An Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) is also a nine-digit number, but it's issued by the IRS (Internal Revenue Service) rather than the SSA. People must file Form W-7 to apply for an ITIN. The ITIN is specifically for people who are required to file U.S. tax returns but aren't eligible for an SSN. This includes non-citizens without legal work authorization in the U.S., foreign investors, and dependents of U.S. citizens or residents.

An ITIN is required to file a U.S. tax return and is also used to submit a federal tax return.

Key facts about ITINs:

• Eligibility: ITINs are available to non-citizens who are required to file U.S. taxes but don't qualify for an SSN.
• Uses: ITINs are used solely for tax filing purposes and don't authorize work or provide eligibility for Social Security benefits.
• Financial access: While ITINs can be used to open bank accounts and apply for credit at some institutions, they don't grant the same level of access as an SSN.

Differences Between ITIN and SSN

The main difference between an ITIN and an SSN comes down to who can get them and what they're used for:

• Eligibility:
• SSN: Issued to U.S. citizens, permanent residents, and certain temporary residents authorized to work.
• ITIN: Issued to non-citizens who are required to file taxes but aren't eligible for an SSN. The number of days present in the U.S. affects residency status for tax purposes.
• Purpose:
• SSN: Used for a wide range of activities, including employment, tax filing, and access to Social Security benefits.
• ITIN: Used exclusively for tax filing and reporting by non-citizens without SSNs. An Employer Identification Number (EIN) is used for business entities, estates, and trusts.
• Legal status:
• SSN: Grants work eligibility and access to certain government benefits.
• ITIN: Does not grant work authorization or eligibility for Social Security benefits.
• Access to financial services:
• SSN: Provides broader access to financial services, including easier access to credit, loans, and government benefits.
• ITIN: While it can be used to open bank accounts and access some financial services, options are more limited compared to what's available with an SSN.

ITIN vs. SSN: Why Does the Difference Matter?

Understanding the difference between an ITIN and an SSN matters for several reasons:

• Tax compliance: Knowing which number to use is crucial for filing taxes correctly. Using the wrong identifier can result in errors, penalties, or delays in processing refunds. For U.S. citizens or residents, it's essential to use the correct identifier, such as an SSN or an Adoption Taxpayer Identification Number (ATIN), when an SSN can't be obtained in time for tax filing.
• Access to financial services: The type of tax ID you have can affect your access to banking, credit, and other financial services. For example, some banks and credit unions accept ITINs, while others may require an SSN.
• Employment eligibility: An SSN is required to work legally in the U.S. If you're a non-citizen without work authorization, applying for an SSN can lead to legal complications. In those cases, an ITIN is the appropriate identifier for tax purposes.
• Government benefits: An SSN is required to receive Social Security benefits and other government services, which aren't accessible with an ITIN.

Conclusion

Both the ITIN and the SSN play critical roles in the U.S. financial and tax systems, but they serve different populations and purposes. Understanding the differences between these identifiers is essential for anyone navigating tax filing, financial access, and legal employment in the U.S. Whether you're a U.S. citizen, a non-citizen authorized to work, or a foreign investor, knowing which number you need — and why — can help you avoid potential legal issues and ensure you have the financial access your circumstances require.

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Unrecognized charge on my debit card: What to do in the United States?

If you notice an unrecognized debit card charge, one of the first steps is to lock your card, verify whether the transaction was actually unauthorized, and contact your financial service provider immediately. If you are a Común debit card holder, you can report suspicious activity directly through the app, email, or WhatsApp support.

Seeing an unrecognized charge on your debit card can be stressful, especially if you rely on your account for rent, groceries, transportation, or sending money to family. Unauthorized transactions can happen for many reasons, and debit card users in the United States have certain protections under the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA) and Regulation E.

It is also important to understand that not every unfamiliar transaction is considered fraud. Some charges may come from subscriptions, merchants using different billing names, or purchases made by someone who had permission to use the card.

What is an 'unrecognized' vs 'unauthorized' charge?

An unrecognized debit card transaction

is a transaction you do not immediately recognize. This does not necessarily mean fraud occurred. Examples: a merchant billing under a different legal name, a forgotten subscription renewal, a delayed hotel or gas station authorization, a trial membership converting into a paid subscription, or a family member using the card.

An unauthorized charge

generally means someone used your debit card or account information without your permission. Examples: purchases made after your card was lost or stolen, online purchases you did not authorize, potentially fraudulent recurring charges, or transactions occurring after your credentials were compromised.

It is important to understand that if you voluntarily gave your card, PIN, password, or account access to a family member, partner, or friend, those transactions may not qualify as unauthorized under Regulation E.

How can I identify a suspicious charge?

Checklist for an unrecognized debit card charge:

• Review the merchant name carefully — many businesses process payments under a parent company or billing processor that looks unfamiliar
• Check the transaction date — some charges appear several days after the original purchase
• Look for recurring subscriptions — streaming platforms, delivery apps, gyms, and trial memberships commonly renew automatically
• Verify the location — some online merchants process payments from another state or country even when the transaction was legitimate
• Ask family members — a spouse, child, roommate, or trusted person could have used the card
• Watch for small 'test' charges — fraudsters sometimes attempt small transactions before attempting larger purchases

What to do right away if you notice an unauthorized charge?

1. Lock your card immediately

If your financial service provider offers a card lock feature, you can temporarily freeze your card to help prevent additional transactions while you review the activity further.

2. Report the transaction to your financial service provider

Reporting a potentially unauthorized transaction promptly helps preserve certain protections available under applicable law. If you use Común, you can contact support through:

• In-app chat
• Email: ayuda@comun.app
• WhatsApp: +1 646 600 5660

When reporting the transaction, try to include: the transaction amount, merchant name, transaction date, and why you believe the charge is unauthorized.

3. Document everything

Take screenshots and save records of suspicious transactions, text alerts or emails, merchant communications, and subscription cancellation confirmations.

4. Change passwords and security settings

If you suspect your account information was compromised: change your password, update your email password, enable Face ID or Touch ID, review connected devices, remove suspicious app access, and if your PIN may have been exposed, change it immediately.

5. File a police report if appropriate

If your wallet was stolen, your identity may have been compromised, or the situation involves significant financial loss, contacting law enforcement and filing a police report may help support your case.

Your rights as a US Debit Cardholder

Debit card protections in the United States are primarily governed by the Electronic Fund Transfer Act (EFTA) and Regulation E.

What is the 'Visa Zero Liability' policy?

Visa's Zero Liability policy generally provides protection for eligible unauthorized transactions made with covered Visa debit cards, subject to applicable terms, conditions, and limitations.

Key aspects:

• Protection scope: may apply to certain unauthorized transactions involving lost, stolen, or fraudulently used cards
• No enrollment necessary: the policy applies automatically to eligible Visa cards without requiring special sign-up
• Prompt reporting: to qualify, you must promptly report potentially unauthorized transactions to your financial institution
• Limitations and exclusions: certain transactions, including commercial card or anonymous prepaid card transactions, may not be covered

How does the Común dispute process work?

Once you report an unrecognized or potentially unauthorized debit card transaction to Común, the investigation process may include several stages. Typical timelines may include:

• Initial review beginning within approximately 2 business days
• Potential provisional credit within applicable regulatory timeframes for qualifying disputes
• Extended investigations in certain situations
• Visa dispute or arbitration processes that may take up to approximately 90 days in some cases

What is not covered?

Some situations may not qualify as unauthorized transactions under Regulation E or Visa Zero Liability protections:

• Charges made by family or friends who had access to your card or account
• Transactions you approved but later disputed due to dissatisfaction
• Wallet-only customers without a Común debit card
• ComúnPay P2P transactions funded through external debit cards
• Cases involving negligence or false claims

How can I help prevent unauthorized charges?

Use card lock and unlock features:

Locking your card when not in use may help reduce unauthorized transactions.

Enable real-time transaction alerts:

Instant transaction notifications through the app can help you identify suspicious activity more quickly.

Use Face ID or Touch ID:

Biometric authentication features can help reduce unauthorized account access.

Protect your PIN:

Avoid sharing your PIN, even with people you trust. Never store it in unsecured notes apps or write it directly on your card.

Watch for phishing scams:

Fraudsters may impersonate banks through text messages, fake login pages, phone calls, or social media messages. Banks and service providers will not ask for your password or verification code through text message.

FAQ

What is an unrecognized charge on my debit card?

An unrecognized charge is a transaction you do not immediately recognize on your account. It does not always mean fraud occurred.

How long do I have to report an unrecognized charge?

Under Regulation E in the United States, reporting suspicious transactions promptly is important. Certain consumer protections may decrease after 2 business days and again after 60 days from the date the statement was sent.

Will I get my money back if I report an unauthorized charge?

It depends on the investigation results and whether the transaction qualifies as unauthorized. In some qualifying cases, consumers may receive reimbursement or provisional credit.

What happens if I let a family member use my card?

If you voluntarily shared your card, PIN, password, or account access, the resulting transactions may not qualify as unauthorized under Regulation E or applicable Visa Zero Liability policies.

How long does Común take to resolve a dispute?

Investigations may begin within approximately 2 business days. Some cases may be resolved more quickly, while more complex disputes or Visa dispute processes may take longer, including up to approximately 90 days in certain situations.

Final thoughts

An unrecognized charge on your debit card does not always mean fraud, but it is important to review unfamiliar transactions promptly. In the United States, Regulation E or the Visa Zero Liability protections can help limit your liability for qualifying unauthorized transactions, particularly when reported promptly.

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How to transfer money between banks

To transfer money between banks in the United States, you can use an ACH transfer, wire transfer, online bank transfer, peer-to-peer payment app, or a fintech app connected through Plaid. The right option will depend on how quickly you need the money to arrive, how much you are sending, and the transfer fees.

Some bank transfers take minutes, while others can take several business days. Wire transfers are typically faster for large payments, ACH transfers are commonly used for everyday banking, and P2P apps are often used for sending money between friends or family members.

Quick comparison: 6 methods at a glance

ACH transfer

ACH transfers are one of the most common ways to transfer money between banks in the United States. ACH stands for Automated Clearing House, the electronic network financial institutions use to process transfers between accounts. This method is commonly used for paying bills, sending payroll deposits, and moving money between personal accounts.

Wire transfer

Wire transfers are electronic transfers of funds between financial institutions through secure financial networks. They are typically used for larger amounts, urgent payments, real estate transactions, and business payments. Domestic wire transfers generally process the same business day. Fees vary significantly by institution.

Online bank transfer

Many banks allow customers to transfer money between their own accounts instantly or same-day through their app or online portal. This is commonly used for moving money between a checking and savings account at the same institution.

P2P payment apps

Peer-to-peer payment apps like Venmo, Cash App, Zelle, and Común's Pay allow users to send money quickly using just a phone number, email, or QR code. They are ideal for everyday payments between people who know each other.

How long does a bank transfer take?

Times vary: ACH transfers typically take 1 to 3 business days. Domestic wire transfers can complete the same business day. Transfers between accounts at the same institution can be instant. P2P apps can be instant or take up to 1 business day.

How much do banks charge for transfers?

Fees vary widely by institution and method. ACH transfers are generally no fee. Domestic wire transfers can cost $15–$35. International wire transfers can cost $35–$75. P2P apps are generally no fee for standard transfers.

FAQ

Can I transfer money between banks without a fee?

Yes, ACH transfers are generally no fee. Many P2P apps also offer standard transfers without a fee.

How long does an ACH transfer take?

Generally 1 to 3 business days, although same-day ACH is available at some institutions.

What do I need to make a wire transfer?

You generally need the recipient's bank account number and routing number, and for international wires, the SWIFT/IBAN code.

Común is a financial technology company and not a bank. Banking services are provided by Community Federal Savings Bank, Member FDIC. Peer-to-peer payments services are provided by Cross River Bank.

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If you need to send money to your home country from the United States, it is important to consider how long an international money transfer takes. In general, the processing time for this type of operation is usually 1 to 5 business days.

However, this depends on several factors, such as the payment system, the banks involved, the currency conversion, and the holidays in between.

That is why it is important to know the different types of international money transfers available, the advantages and disadvantages of each one, and, of course, how long they take to deliver the money to its destination.

Below, we offer you a guide to answer those questions so you can send money home as quickly and safely as possible.

What is an international money transfer and how long does it usually take?

First of all, an international transfer is the sending of money to a bank entity located outside the country of the originating account. Unlike domestic transfers, international transfers involve additional banking systems, such as the SWIFT networks, which can increase costs and processing times in many cases.

There are several factors that influence the total time an international money transfer takes, but in general, it takes 1 to 5 business days.

For example, one relevant aspect that influences this is the system used, whether SWIFT or SEPA, which have different conditions and characteristics.

SWIFT Transfers

The SWIFT system is the largest network: it connects thousands of traditional banks worldwide to send money from one country to another through secure mechanisms.

Characteristics of the SWIFT system

• In general, it takes 3 to 5 days to complete money transfers.

• The involvement of intermediary banks is common, which can generate additional fees.

• It is useful for sending money in different currencies, although it implies disadvantages in time and costs.

• To use this system, check the SWIFT code of the receiving bank.

SEPA Transfer

On the other hand, the SEPA system is focused on international money transfers within the European Union.

Characteristics of the SEPA system

• International money transfers are usually completed in 1 business day.

• Fees are more affordable compared to the SWIFT system.

• This system works exclusively in the SEPA area, and for transactions in euros.

As you can see, both the SWIFT and SEPA systems are useful for making international money transfers safely. Although for those living in the United States, the latter is not recommended due to its geographic limitations.

Here is a comparison table:

Factors that influence the time of an international money transfer

The time an international money transfer takes is not fixed. It varies according to the type of transfer and other elements involved in the operation.

Here is what you need to know to estimate how long it will take for your money to reach your loved ones.

Payment system

So far, we have presented the SWIFT system, which takes 3 to 5 business days, and SEPA, which is generally reflected the next business day.

In addition, there are ACH (Automated Clearing House) transfers, which are a more common system in the U.S., characterized by being a more economical option, although the process usually takes 2 to 3 business days.

Intermediary banks

There are cases in which the financial institutions participating in an international money transfer do not have a direct relationship with each other, so they need to involve intermediary banks. This, in addition to increasing costs, lengthens transfer times, because it makes the operation take longer than usual.

Cut-off times and business days

Another essential aspect is the cut-off time banks have for executing transactions. If you send money after this time, the operation is processed the next business day.

Also, do not forget to take into account the holidays of both the sending country and the receiving country, which also extend the waiting time.

Currency conversion and destination country

When sending money from the United States to your home country in Latin America, the bank will need to make the corresponding currency exchange and apply an exchange rate. This also usually adds time to the international money transfer process.

Security verifications and compliance controls

Banks often carry out security checks to prevent money laundering and fraud, especially when large amounts are involved.

What information do you need to make an international money transfer?

You are almost ready to start sending money abroad. But first, it is very important that you make sure you have the necessary information to process this type of transfer. Otherwise, the transfer could be rejected or take longer than usual.

Sender’s information

You will need to provide your basic personal information: full name, bank account, official address, and phone number.

Beneficiary’s information

It is also essential to provide the details of the person who will receive the money: full name, recipient’s account number, address, and country of origin.

Bank codes

• IBAN: for transfers within the European Union.

• SWIFT/BIC code: for transfers in most of the world, including the United States.

Amount and currency

Indicate the amount of the transfer and the currency in which it will be received.

Purpose or payment reference

Finally, indicate the purpose of the transfer. It may be: maintenance payment, family support, family savings, etc.

How can you speed up an international money transfer?

We know that sending money to your family and loved ones is very important, which is why it is vital that you avoid mistakes and bad practices that could delay your transfers even more.

• Verify that the beneficiary’s details are complete and correct: check that your recipient’s details are written as they appear on their official identification.

• Make the transfer before the bank’s cut-off time: remember that doing it after this time causes the transfer to be processed the next business day.

• Avoid sending money on weekends or holidays: try to send money on business days to avoid delays.

• Consider using specialized remittance services with faster processes: there are alternative services that offer better conditions than traditional banks.

Make your international money transfers quickly and safely with Común

This time, we learned that international transfers are money transfers made from one country to another, and there are several factors involved in the time they take to be completed.

Are you looking for a way to send money home without complications?

Discover Común, the digital platform that connects you with your family through a service that understands your needs.

Make your first international money transfer, forget about hidden fees, and get transparent rate so your loved ones receive more for less.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you still have questions, check our FAQ.

What is the average time of an international money transfer?

Approximately 1 to 5 business days.

Why do some transfers take longer than usual?

It depends on the system used, the involvement of intermediaries, the currency exchange, and other factors. That is why you should make sure to check the estimated time before sending your money, to see if it fits your timing and needs.

Can I send money on weekends?

Yes, but it will be processed the next business day in most cases.