CR1 spouse visa: complete guide for immigrants marrying a U.S. citizen

Getting married is a major milestone. When one spouse is a U.S. citizen and the other lives abroad, the immigration process can feel overwhelming, especially when you start seeing terms like IR1 visa, CR1 visa, Form I-130, NVC, and consular interview.

Whether your spouse is waiting in Mexico, Colombia, or another country in Latin America, understanding the process can help you reduce stress and prepare for each stage.

This guide explains the IR1 visa and CR1 visa process in plain language, including timelines, costs, required documents, and what to expect during the consular interview.

The guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice.

What is the IR1 / CR1 spouse visa?

The IR1 and CR1 visas are both immigrant visas available to spouses of U.S. citizens, allowing them to enter the United States as lawful permanent residents. The key difference between them lies in the length of the marriage at the time of visa issuance. In both cases, permanent resident status begins upon entry into the U.S., and the physical green card is mailed to the holder shortly after arrival.

Who qualifies?

Generally, you may qualify if:

• You are legally married to a U.S. citizen
• The marriage is genuine and not solely for immigration purposes
• The U.S. citizen spouse files Form I-130 with USCIS
• Both spouses meet the documentation and eligibility requirements established by USCIS and the U.S. Department of State
• The U.S. citizen spouse must also generally demonstrate financial ability to support the immigrant spouse (Form I-864, Affidavit of Support), meeting at least 125% of the federal poverty guidelines
• The foreign spouse must not be inadmissible to the U.S. (e.g., due to certain criminal history, prior immigration violations, health grounds, etc.), or must obtain a waiver if applicable

Unlike fiancé visas, the IR1 / CR1 are designed for couples who are already legally married.

For many immigrant families, the process begins while one spouse remains in countries such as Mexico or Colombia and waits for consular processing at locations like Ciudad Juárez, Mexico City, or Bogotá.

IR1 vs CR1: what's the difference?

Although the IR1 and CR1 visas follow the same application process, they lead to different types of green cards. The key distinction is whether the marriage is less than two years old or at least two years old when the green card is issued.

If the marriage is less than two years old when permanent residence is granted, the spouse typically receives conditional residence through a CR1 visa. Couples later file to remove those conditions. If the marriage is at least two years old, the spouse generally receives an IR1 visa and a standard permanent resident card.

IR1/CR1 vs K-3 vs K-1: which one do you need?

Before starting an application, it's important to understand which visa category matches your circumstances. IR1, CR1, K-1, and K-3 visas were created for different stages of a relationship.

IR1 or CR1

These visas are intended for couples who are already married. After approval and entry into the United States, the spouse becomes a permanent resident.

K-1 fiancé visa

The K-1 visa is for couples who are not married yet. The foreign fiancé enters the United States, the couple marries, and then applies for adjustment of status.

K-3 visa

Although the K-3 category still exists in immigration law, it is rarely used in practice today. Most married couples follow the IR1 or CR1 process instead.

For couples who are already married and living apart because of immigration processing, the spouse visa route is typically the path being considered.

Step-by-step application process

From start to finish, the IR1/CR1 process is designed to verify the relationship, review financial sponsorship, and confirm that the immigrant spouse is eligible for permanent residence. While the exact timeline varies, most couples move through the same series of steps before the visa is issued.

Step 1: File Form I-130

The U.S. citizen spouse begins the process by filing Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative, with USCIS.

The purpose of the petition is to establish that a valid marital relationship exists.

Supporting evidence often includes:

• Marriage certificate
• Photos together
• Joint financial records
• Communication records
• Other evidence showing a bona fide marriage (a legal marriage entered into in good faith)

Step 2: USCIS review

USCIS reviews the petition and supporting documentation. If additional information is needed, USCIS may issue a Request for Evidence (RFE).

Once approved, the case is forwarded to the National Visa Center (NVC).

Step 3: National Visa Center processing

The NVC assigns a case number and requests additional forms, fees, civil documents, and financial sponsorship documentation.

This stage typically includes:

• Form DS-260
• Affidavit of Support (Form I-864)
• Civil documents
• Passport information
• Birth certificates
• Marriage records

Step 4: Medical examination

Before the interview, the immigrant spouse must complete a medical examination with an authorized panel physician. Required vaccinations may also apply.

Step 5: Consular interview

Once the case is complete, the interview is scheduled at the appropriate U.S. embassy or consulate.

For many applicants in Latin America, this may occur in:

• Ciudad Juárez, Mexico
• Mexico City, Mexico
• Bogotá, Colombia
• Guatemala City, Guatemala
• San Salvador, El Salvador
• Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

Step 6: Enter the United States

If the visa is approved, the spouse can travel to the United States and enter as a permanent resident. The green card is then issued after arrival.

Required documents checklist

Document preparation is one of the most important parts of the IR1/CR1 process. Missing records, incomplete forms, or inconsistencies between documents can delay a case, so it helps to gather key paperwork as early as possible rather than waiting for each stage to begin.

Although every case is different, applicants commonly need:

• Valid passport
• Marriage certificate
• Birth certificate
• Form DS-260
• Form I-864 Affidavit of Support
• Passport-style photos
• Police certificates when required
• Medical examination results
• Evidence of a genuine marriage
• Financial documentation from the U.S. citizen spouse

Original documents and certified translations may be required depending on the country and specific case. Many of the documents required throughout the IR1/CR1 process will be reviewed more than once by different government agencies. Keeping organized copies and checking that names, dates, and personal information are consistent across records can be helpful.

Timeline and costs: what to expect

Time and cost are not determined by a single application fee. The process involves separate stages administered by USCIS, the National Visa Center, and a U.S. embassy or consulate, each with its own processing requirements and associated expenses.

Processing times can vary depending on:

• USCIS workload
• National Visa Center processing
• Consulate availability
• Requests for additional evidence
• Country-specific demand

Unlike some immigration categories, the IR1 and CR1 process does not have a fixed timeline. Some cases move faster than others, while others can take well over a year from filing to visa issuance.

Common costs

While costs are not fixed and every case is unique, the typical expenses you can expect may include:

• Form I-130 filing fee
• DS-260 immigrant visa fee
• Medical examination
• Vaccinations
• Translation services
• Document collection costs
• Travel expenses related to the interview

Government fees can change over time, so applicants should always verify the most updated costs directly through USCIS and the U.S. Department of State.

The consular interview: what to expect

The consular interview is the final major step before a spouse visa can be issued. By this stage, the government has already reviewed the petition, supporting documents, financial sponsorship forms, and medical examination results. The interview gives a consular officer an opportunity to verify the information in the application and address any remaining questions.

While every interview is unique, the officer may ask questions about:

• Your relationship history
• Your wedding
• Daily communication
• Future plans together
• Employment and finances
• Previous immigration history

The goal of the interview is to confirm that the marriage is genuine and that all eligibility requirements are met. If the visa is approved, the consular officer typically keeps the passport temporarily so the immigrant visa can be issued.

After arrival: building your financial life together

Receiving an IR1 visa or CR1 visa is a major milestone, but it is only the beginning of establishing life together in the United States.

Many newly arrived immigrants need to:

• Pay rent and utilities
• Build a financial history
• Send money to relatives in Latin America
• Manage everyday spending
• Receive direct deposit from an employer

A common challenge newly arrived immigrants face is opening a bank account before receiving a Social Security number.

How Común can help during the transition

For couples separated during the immigration process, Común offers remittance services for people in the United States who need to send money to family members in Latin America; they can do it directly from the app. This can be useful during the months of waiting between USCIS approval, NVC processing, and the visa interview.

When the immigrant spouse arrives in the United States, Común offers eligible customers the possibility of opening an account using a passport or more than 100 accepted Latin American IDs. Additionally, Común offers services for everyday payments, direct deposit acceptance available from day one, customer support in Spanish and a virtual debit card from day one of account opening.

Planning your transition to the United States

The IR1 visa and CR1 visa process can feel complicated at first, but understanding and preparing for each stage can make the process feel more manageable.

For many immigrant families, the journey can include months of waiting, collecting documents, attending medical appointments, and preparing for the consular interview. The process requires patience, but it also creates a pathway for spouses to build a life together in the United States.

While you wait, Común can help you send money to your spouse in Latin America from the app. When they arrive, eligible customers can open an account with a passport or more than 100 accepted Latin American IDs so that they can begin managing everyday finances while settling into life in the United States.

FAQ

What is the difference between an IR1 and a CR1 visa?

The main difference is the length of the marriage. A CR1 visa is generally issued when the marriage is less than two years old, while an IR1 visa applies when the marriage has reached at least two years.

How long does it take to get an IR1 or CR1 visa?

Processing times vary considerably depending on USCIS, the National Visa Center, and the consulate handling the case. Timelines should be verified through official government sources.

How much does the IR1 / CR1 visa cost in total?

Costs commonly include government filing fees, visa processing fees, medical exams, vaccinations, translations, and travel expenses. The exact total varies by case and country.

What documents do I need for the spouse visa application?

Applicants commonly need a passport, marriage certificate, birth certificate, financial sponsorship documents, visa application forms, medical examination records, and evidence supporting the marriage.

Can I work in the U.S. with an IR1 or CR1 visa?

Yes, after entering the United States as a permanent resident through an approved IR1 or CR1 visa.

What happens at the consular interview?

A consular officer reviews the application and asks questions about the relationship, eligibility, and supporting documentation. The purpose is to verify the information already submitted.

Do I need a lawyer for the IR1/CR1 application?

Some couples complete the process on their own, while others seek professional guidance. The decision often depends on the complexity of the case, prior immigration history, or other legal considerations.

Can I apply for IR1/CR1 from inside the United States?

The IR1 and CR1 categories are generally associated with consular processing abroad. Individuals already in the United States may have other immigration options depending on their circumstances. Because situations vary, reviewing official USCIS guidance is important.

Común is a financial technology company and not a bank. Banking services are provided by Community Federal Savings Bank, Member FDIC. The Común Visa® Debit Card is issued by Community Federal Savings Bank, pursuant to a license from Visa U.S.A. Inc. and may be used everywhere Visa Cards are accepted. Común is a financial technology company and not a bank or licensed money transmitter. Peer-to-peer payment services are provided by Cross River Bank. Remittance service provided by Service UniTeller, Inc. Remittance fees start at $2.99, but may vary. Común Inc. may earn revenue from the conversion of foreign currencies.

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Entendiendo los Conceptos Básicos

‍En el mundo interconectado de hoy, la capacidad de depositar dinero en la cuenta bancaria de otra persona es una habilidad valiosa. Ya sea que estés ayudando a un amigo necesitado, gestionando los gastos del hogar o dirigiendo un negocio, entender los matices de transferir fondos de manera segura es esencial. Las transferencias de banco a banco son un método popular para transferir dinero de un banco a otro, utilizando funciones de transferencia externa en los sitios web de los bancos y las cooperativas de crédito como ubicaciones viables para estos servicios. Comparar las transferencias de banco a banco con otros métodos, como las transferencias electrónicas y las aplicaciones de transferencia de dinero, es crucial, ya que pueden existir posibles tarifas y límites a considerar.

Diferentes Métodos de Depositar Dinero

‍Existen numerosas formas de depositar fondos en la cuenta bancaria de otra persona, incluyendo conocer los detalles de la cuenta bancaria del destinatario para transferencias electrónicas, lo cual es crucial para una transacción fluida:

• Depósitos en Efectivo: Hacer un depósito en efectivo directamente en una sucursal bancaria es sencillo, pero puede estar sujeto a limitaciones o restricciones debido a políticas de seguridad.
• Transferencias de Banco a Banco: Las transferencias bancarias en línea o las transferencias electrónicas entre cuentas bancarias se utilizan comúnmente para transferencias más grandes o urgentes.
• Servicios de Terceros: Utilizar aplicaciones de transferencia de dinero como Venmo, Apple Cash y PayPal es una forma popular y fácil de enviar dinero electrónicamente de manera instantánea. Estas aplicaciones requieren que los usuarios creen una cuenta, vinculen una fuente de pago como una cuenta bancaria o tarjeta, y aseguren que el destinatario tenga una cuenta con la misma aplicación, ofreciendo una solución conveniente para transferencias rápidas entre personas.
• Cheques: Depositar un cheque personal o de caja puede ser más seguro cuando se transfieren cantidades significativas.

Esta sección puede discutir los beneficios de cada método, como las cantidades mínimas de depósito directo o las posibles tarifas de transferencia electrónica, y los plazos esperados, desde el mismo día hábil hasta unos pocos días hábiles para el procesamiento.

Paso a Paso: Depositar Efectivo y Cheques

‍Depositar dinero en la cuenta bancaria de otra persona puede ser esencial por varias razones. Las personas a menudo necesitan transferir fondos para pagar el alquiler, ayudar a miembros de la familia o liquidar cuentas directamente en la cuenta de otra persona. Este proceso, que implica transferir dinero directamente a la cuenta bancaria de otra persona, generalmente a través de transferencias ACH o transferencias electrónicas, es legal y está regulado para prevenir problemas como el lavado de dinero. Es crucial tener detalles precisos como el número de cuenta bancaria del destinatario y el número de ruta bancaria. Siguiendo estos pasos detallados, puedes asegurarte de que tus transacciones se ejecuten de manera fluida y segura.

Para depositar efectivo o un cheque, sigue estos pasos:

1. Reúne la Información Necesaria: Obtén el número de cuenta y los detalles de la institución financiera de la persona correcta.
2. Visita el Banco: En la sucursal bancaria, completa una ficha de depósito con el número de cuenta del destinatario y la cantidad de efectivo o cheque.
3. Verificación: Algunos bancos pueden requerir identificación, especialmente si estás depositando en la cuenta de otra persona.
4. Recibo: Siempre obtén un recibo como prueba del depósito en efectivo o depósito de cheque, asegurándote de que los fondos lleguen a la cuenta bancaria del destinatario.

Transferencias en Línea y Pagos Móviles

‍Utilizar la banca en línea o móvil para depositar dinero ofrece conveniencia y rapidez. Aquí te mostramos cómo usar estas plataformas de manera efectiva:

• Configuración: Asegúrate de que ambas partes tengan cuentas en línea activas. Esto puede implicar vincular una tarjeta de débito o configurar una aplicación de banca móvil.
• Ejecuta la Transferencia: Para transferir dinero, utiliza los detalles de la cuenta bancaria del destinatario o emplea varios métodos electrónicos, incluyendo aplicaciones como Venmo, PayPal, Zelle o Western Union, para una experiencia de transacción sin problemas.
• Confirmación: Tanto el remitente como el destinatario deben recibir confirmación de que el dinero ha sido depositado en la cuenta de ahorros o cuenta corriente del destinatario.

Consideraciones de Privacidad y Seguridad

‍Al enviar dinero a la cuenta bancaria de otra persona, considera estas medidas de privacidad y seguridad:

• Verifica los Detalles: Revisa dos veces los detalles de la cuenta del destinatario, incluyendo el número de cuenta bancaria y el número de ruta bancaria.
• Protocolos de Seguridad: Utiliza redes seguras para transacciones en línea para prevenir violaciones de datos.
• Monitorea las Transacciones: Revisa regularmente tus estados de cuenta bancarios para detectar cualquier transacción no autorizada rápidamente. Ten en cuenta los aspectos legales y las políticas de las instituciones financieras relacionadas con el depósito de dinero en la cuenta de otra persona.

Este es un proceso que se puede dominar con una atención cuidadosa a los detalles y la seguridad. Siguiendo los pasos descritos anteriormente, puedes asegurarte de que tus transferencias de dinero sean efectivas y seguras. Recuerda, la clave para transacciones financieras exitosas reside en una preparación minuciosa y un seguimiento vigilante, asegurando que cada transacción fortalezca la confianza y la seguridad en nuestros sistemas financieros.

Legalidad y Cumplimiento

‍Los bancos están obligados por ley a reportar ciertos tipos de transacciones a organismos reguladores para prevenir y monitorear actividades ilegales como el lavado de dinero. En los Estados Unidos, por ejemplo, las instituciones financieras deben presentar un Reporte de Transacción en Efectivo (CTR) para transacciones en efectivo que superen los $10,000 durante un solo día hábil. Del mismo modo, las actividades sospechosas que pueden no cumplir con los criterios del CTR pero que son inusuales o no tienen un propósito legal aparente también deben ser reportadas a través de Reportes de Actividad Sospechosa (SARs).

Para los depositantes y destinatarios, esto significa que cualquier transacción grande podría llevar a un escrutinio adicional. Es importante que ambas partes mantengan registros del origen de los fondos y el propósito de la transacción, ya que estos podrían ser requeridos en una investigación o auditoría. Ser consciente de estos requisitos ayuda a asegurar que ambas partes mantengan la transparencia y eviten complicaciones legales no intencionales.

Implicaciones Legales de Transferir Dinero en Nombre de Otros

‍Al transferir dinero en nombre de otros, los individuos asumen responsabilidades significativas y deben ser conscientes del marco legal que rige dichas actividades. La principal preocupación legal aquí es el riesgo de involucrarse inadvertidamente en prácticas financieras no autorizadas, como operar como un transmisor de dinero no licenciado, lo cual puede conllevar severas sanciones, incluyendo multas y prisión. Es crucial tener acuerdos claros y registros cuando se manejan transacciones financieras para otra persona, particularmente en escenarios comerciales o de cuidado.

Además, transferir dinero en nombre de otros puede exponer a una persona a riesgos de fraude. Si los fondos se usan incorrectamente, tanto la persona que maneja la transacción como el destinatario podrían enfrentar acciones legales o pérdidas financieras. Es recomendable utilizar métodos documentados y canales formales para transferir dinero para protegerse contra malentendidos o fraudes, asegurando que los fondos se usen para los fines previstos.

Directrices para Transferencias Internacionales

‍Las transferencias internacionales no solo son más complejas debido a la participación de múltiples sistemas financieros, sino que también vienen con medidas de cumplimiento más estrictas. Al enviar dinero al extranjero, se deben considerar las regulaciones de ambos países, el remitente y el destinatario. Los requisitos de cumplimiento podrían incluir proporcionar identificación adicional, divulgar la fuente de los fondos y detallar el propósito de la transferencia.

Las tasas de conversión de moneda y las tarifas también son factores significativos en las transferencias internacionales. Las tasas de cambio pueden variar considerablemente según las instituciones financieras o servicios utilizados, lo que podría afectar la cantidad recibida en el otro extremo. Además, las transferencias electrónicas internacionales están sujetas a regulaciones como las impuestas por la Oficina de Control de Activos Extranjeros (OFAC) en los EE. UU., que puede bloquear transacciones que involucren países, individuos o entidades específicos.

Entender estas directrices ayuda a asegurar que las transferencias de dinero internacionales se ejecuten de manera fluida y legal, minimizando el riesgo de demoras o problemas legales y asegurando el cumplimiento con los estándares regulatorios globales.

Manda dinero a tu país
de manera segura⁴

Envía al extranjero con tranquilidad con tu cuenta Común¹
¡Abre tu cuenta en 3 minutos!

Abre tu cuenta

Conclusión

‍Depositar dinero en la cuenta de otra persona es un proceso enriquecido con varios métodos, consideraciones legales y pasos prácticos para asegurar transacciones financieras seguras y protegidas. Hay varios métodos, consideraciones legales y pasos prácticos para asegurar transacciones financieras seguras y protegidas al depositar dinero en la cuenta de otra persona. Ya sea que elijas depositar efectivo en una sucursal bancaria, utilizar transferencias en línea o realizar pagos móviles, entender las complejidades de cada método es crucial para una gestión efectiva del dinero.

Este artículo ha explorado los marcos legales que protegen estas transacciones y las medidas de cumplimiento necesarias para las transferencias tanto nacionales como internacionales, proporcionándote el conocimiento para navegar en este ámbito con confianza. Recuerda, la clave para transacciones financieras exitosas reside en una preparación minuciosa y un seguimiento vigilante, asegurando que cada transacción fortalezca la confianza y la seguridad en nuestros sistemas financieros. Con este conocimiento, estás bien equipado para manejar las responsabilidades de depositar dinero en la cuenta de otra persona de manera eficiente y ética.

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A medida que las razones para transferir dinero internacionalmente aumentan, también lo hacen los métodos por los cuales se pueden completar estas transacciones. Este artículo te guiará en la selección del servicio adecuado para tus necesidades, proporcionará un recorrido detallado del proceso de transferencia de dinero internacional y ofrecerá consejos para minimizar las tarifas y navegar por el paisaje regulatorio de las transferencias de dinero internacionales. Ya seas un remitente por primera vez o busques optimizar tus transacciones regulares, las siguientes perspectivas te equiparán con el conocimiento para tomar decisiones informadas.‍

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Entendiendo las Transferencias de Dinero Internacionales

En un mundo cada vez más globalizado, la capacidad de transferir dinero a través de fronteras es esencial para propósitos personales y comerciales por igual. Las transferencias de dinero internacionales facilitan el flujo de fondos entre diferentes países, sirviendo una variedad de necesidades: desde apoyar a miembros de la familia en el extranjero, hasta pagar por servicios en otro país, hasta invertir en activos en el extranjero.

Tradicionalmente, los bancos han sido las principales instituciones que manejan estas transferencias, ofreciendo seguridad y fiabilidad. Sin embargo, a menudo son criticados por tarifas más altas y tipos de cambio menos favorables. En respuesta a estas limitaciones, han surgido una variedad de servicios alternativos de transferencia. Los servicios de transferencia en línea ofrecen tarifas y tipos de cambio competitivos, junto con plataformas fáciles de usar que simplifican el proceso, haciendo que las transacciones internacionales sean accesibles para todos con acceso a internet. Además, las aplicaciones móviles han revolucionado el escenario de transferencia internacional, permitiendo transferencias instantáneas con solo unos pocos toques en un smartphone. Cada una de estas entidades tiene su propio conjunto de ventajas y es adecuada para diferentes tipos de clientes y necesidades.

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Eligiendo el Servicio Correcto: Factores a Considerar

Al decidir sobre un servicio para transferencias de dinero internacionales, varios factores clave deben guiar tu elección. Las tarifas de transferencia son a menudo la primera consideración; estas pueden variar significativamente entre servicios, con algunos cobrando una tarifa fija, otros un porcentaje del monto transferido, y otros ofreciendo transferencias sin tarifas en ciertos umbrales. Los tipos de cambio proporcionados por el servicio son igual de cruciales, ya que incluso una pequeña diferencia en el tipo de cambio puede afectar significativamente la cantidad que recibe el destinatario, especialmente en transferencias más grandes.

La velocidad de entrega es otro factor importante. Dependiendo de la urgencia de tu transferencia, puedes elegir un servicio que ofrezca transferencias instantáneas o del mismo día, incluso si podría costar un poco más. Además, no todos los servicios operan en cada país; por lo tanto, la disponibilidad del servicio en el país de destino es una verificación vital.Por último, no se deben pasar por alto las preocupaciones de seguridad y la disponibilidad del servicio al cliente. Asegúrate de que el servicio tenga medidas de seguridad robustas y ofrezca un soporte al cliente confiable en caso de problemas. Los proveedores deben estar regulados por las autoridades financieras relevantes, y deberías tener acceso al servicio al cliente a través de múltiples canales (teléfono, correo electrónico, chat) en cualquier momento.

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Guía Paso a Paso para Enviar Dinero al Extranjero

Enviar dinero internacionalmente involucra algunos pasos clave. Aquí te mostramos cómo puedes hacerlo:

1. Elige un Proveedor: Investiga y selecciona un servicio de transferencia basado en los factores anteriores - Puedes empezar con Comun ahora mismo.
2. Crea una Cuenta: Regístrate y verifica tu identidad, lo cual puede requerir proporcionar documentación como un pasaporte o licencia de conducir.
3. Ingresa los Detalles de la Transacción: Especifica la cantidad que deseas enviar, la moneda y la información del destinatario, incluyendo sus detalles bancarios o número de móvil, dependiendo del método de transferencia.
4. Revisa Costos y Tasas: Confirma las tarifas, los tipos de cambio para la moneda extranjera del destinatario, y el monto total que recibirá el destinatario.
5. Envía Dinero: Completa la transacción. La mayoría de los servicios proporcionarán un número de seguimiento o ID para seguir el progreso de tu transferencia.
6. Confirma la Recepción: Asegúrate de que el destinatario confirme que el dinero ha sido recibido en la cantidad y plazo esperados.

Por seguridad, siempre verifica dos veces los detalles del destinatario y los resúmenes de transacciones antes de confirmar la transferencia, y solo utiliza redes seguras cuando realices transacciones en línea.

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Manda dinero a tu país
de manera segura⁴

Envía al extranjero con tranquilidad con tu cuenta Comun¹
¡Abre tu cuenta en 3 minutos!

Abre tu cuenta

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Estrategias Efectivas en Costos para Transferencias Internacionales

Transferir dinero internacionalmente podría parecer desalentador si no estás familiarizado con el proceso. Sin embargo, con la orientación adecuada, puede ser sencillo y seguro. Los siguientes puntos te ayudarán a navegar por las etapas esenciales de enviar dinero al extranjero, desde elegir un proveedor de servicios hasta asegurar que los fondos hayan llegado de manera segura a tu destinatario. Ya sea que estés apoyando a la familia, liquidando pagos o gestionando inversiones y cuentas bancarias, seguir estos pasos te ayudará a navegar por las complejidades de las transferencias de dinero internacionales de manera eficiente.

Transferir dinero internacionalmente podría parecer desalentador si no estás familiarizado con el proceso. Sin embargo, con la orientación adecuada, puede ser sencillo y seguro. Los siguientes puntos te ayudarán a navegar por las etapas esenciales de enviar dinero al extranjero, desde elegir un proveedor de servicios hasta asegurar que los fondos hayan llegado de manera segura a tu destinatario. Ya sea que estés apoyando a la familia, liquidando pagos o gestionando inversiones y cuentas bancarias, seguir estos pasos te ayudará a navegar por las complejidades de las transferencias de dinero internacionales de manera eficiente.

• Compara Proveedores: Usa herramientas de comparación en línea para encontrar los mejores tipos de cambio y las tarifas más bajas. A veces, usar un banco o servicio intermediario puede aumentar inesperadamente los costos.
• Planifica con Anticipación: Si tu transferencia no es urgente, observa los tipos de cambio durante unos días o semanas para elegir un momento más favorable. Los tipos de cambio fluctúan debido a informes económicos, demanda del mercado y eventos geopolíticos.
• Transferencias Más Grandes Menos Frecuentes: Si es posible, envía cantidades mayores con menos frecuencia en lugar de pequeñas cantidades a menudo, ya que esto puede reducir los costos si la estructura de tarifas es por transacción.
• Verifica Cargos Ocultos: Ten en cuenta las posibles tarifas ocultas, como las tarifas de bancos intermedios para transferencias electrónicas, o las tarifas cobradas al destinatario. Aclara estas con tu institución financiera antes de enviar dinero. A veces, se puede cobrar una tarifa mínima por enviar dinero al extranjero de manera rápida y segura.

Al emplear estas estrategias, puedes asegurar que más de tu dinero llegue a su destino previsto, de manera eficiente y segura.

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Consideraciones Culturales y Prácticas al Enviar Dinero al Extranjero

‍Entender los aspectos culturales y prácticos de las transferencias de dinero internacionales es crucial para asegurar transacciones suaves y efectivas. Las prácticas financieras locales pueden variar ampliamente; por ejemplo, en algunas culturas, la banca es predominantemente un asunto cara a cara, lo que puede afectar la rapidez con la que se procesan las transacciones para transferencias bancarias internacionales. De manera similar, los días festivos nacionales y las horas bancarias pueden retrasar las transferencias, lo cual es vital recordar al momento de programar un envío. La comunicación efectiva con los destinatarios también es esencial. Asegurarse de que todas las partes tengan expectativas claras sobre el tiempo y el uso de los fondos puede ayudar a prevenir malentendidos. Además, los remitentes deben estar conscientes de las posibles barreras lingüísticas o desafíos burocráticos que podrían complicar el proceso de la transacción. Por ejemplo, en algunos países, los destinatarios podrían necesitar proporcionar documentación extensa para recibir fondos, o podría haber restricciones gubernamentales sobre las transferencias bancarias entrantes. Al estar consciente de estos factores, los remitentes pueden prepararse mejor a sí mismos y a sus destinatarios para una transferencia exitosa, minimizando retrasos y maximizando el impacto de los fondos enviados.

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Comun: banca segura con envíos al extranjero

Con tu cuenta recibes una app móvil y tarjeta de débito VISA¹

Sin comisiones por balances mínimos

Recibe tu sueldo hasta 2 días antes³

Manda dinero a tu país de manera segura

¡y mucho más!

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Conclusión

‍Navegar por las complejidades de las transferencias de dinero internacionales requiere una comprensión sólida de las diversas opciones disponibles y los factores específicos que influyen en cada transacción. Al seleccionar cuidadosamente el servicio de transferencia adecuado, entender los costos asociados y considerar las sutilezas culturales y prácticas del país de destino, individuos y empresas pueden enviar dinero de manera eficiente y segura a través de fronteras.Este artículo ha proporcionado una guía para ayudarte en cada paso del proceso, desde elegir un proveedor hasta confirmar la recepción de los fondos. Armado con este conocimiento, puedes gestionar con confianza tus transacciones financieras internacionales, asegurando que tu dinero no solo llegue a su destino de manera segura sino también de la manera más rentable posible. Ya sea que estés apoyando a familiares en el extranjero, pagando por servicios internacionales o gestionando inversiones globales y finanzas personales, el enfoque correcto para las transferencias de dinero internacionales puede marcar la diferencia.

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Obtaining a Green Card or permanent residence is one of the most important steps a migrant can take in the United States, as it allows them to reside and work legally and access the same benefits as a U.S. citizen.

If you already have your permanent resident card in hand, congratulations! The next step is to stay alert to renewal, since it is crucial for maintaining your legal status and keeping the benefits it provides.

If you have had your green card for several years, it is even more important to be clear on the requirements, costs, and procedures needed to renew it and thus avoid any setbacks that could cause problems related to your immigration status.

In this article we provide an overview of the process, including key aspects such as how much it costs to renew permanent residence, the requirements, Green Card validity, and everything you need to know to comply on time and in proper form with U.S. immigration authorities.

What is the eligibility criterion?

The first thing to know is that there are two types of residence: permanent and conditional. These are the main differences:

• Permanent residence: this is Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR) status. Although the residence is permanent, the physical card does have a validity period, so it must be renewed at least 6 months before the expiration date. Although some residence permits do not show their validity explicitly, most are valid for 10 years.

• Conditional residence: this is a step prior to obtaining permanent residence, such as a period following a marriage between a foreign national and a U.S. citizen or lawful permanent resident. It is valid for 2 years and cannot be renewed.

These are the eligibility criteria for both types of residence.

Eligibility criterion for permanent residence

To obtain permanent resident status, your profile must fit one of the eligibility categories and meet the requirements set by USCIS (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services).

Family

It is divided into two subcategories:

• Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens: spouses and unmarried children under 21.

• Family preference category: unmarried children over 21 of citizens; spouses and children of permanent residents; married children of citizens; and siblings of citizens.

Employment

There are five employment-based residence categories:

• EB-1 visa: workers with extraordinary ability.

• EB-2 visa: accomplished professionals with an advanced degree and exceptional ability.

• EB-3 visa: skilled workers, professionals, and “other workers.”

• EB-4 visa: religious workers, U.S. government employees, members of the Armed Forces, among others.

• EB-5 visa: investors who allocate substantial funds to businesses that generate at least 10 jobs in the country.

Refugees and asylees

People who entered the United States through an asylum petition, and their family members, may apply for permanent residence after completing at least 1 year in the country.

Special immigrants

This category includes people who have been victims of abuse by U.S. citizens (VAWA visa) and minors who have been harmed and/or abandoned by their parents (SIJ visa).

Special categories

This category includes the Diversity Visa or Green Card Lottery, an annual drawing with up to 50,000 consular interview slots, as well as special provisions for Cuban citizens and other nationalities.

Eligibility criterion for conditional permanent residents

Conditional residence, in most cases, is valid for 2 years. Then it is necessary to file the petition to remove conditions within the 90 days prior to expiration.

• Conditional residence based on a marriage of less than 2 years at the time status is obtained.

• Conditional residence through investment under the EB-5 category.

What are the requirements to renew permanent residence?

Currently, there are three ways to complete the renewal process to obtain a new resident card.

File online

The easiest way is through the USCIS website, since you can do it anywhere and at any time of day. You only need to create an account, upload your documents, and track your status.

Paper filing

Another alternative is to mail Form I-90 to the USCIS office. It is advisable if you prefer handling physical documents, although processing time is usually longer.

In-person filing

You can also apply in person, though it is limited to exceptional cases such as humanitarian emergencies or technical issues. It is suitable if you urgently need USCIS guidance; otherwise, the recommended route is through the website.

Documents needed to renew a Green Card

These are the documents you must attach to your renewal application, regardless of the method you use.

• Form I-90 to apply for renewal of the Permanent Resident Card.

• Payment of the applicable fee, biometrics (if required), a copy of the expired card, or a theft/loss report.

How much does it cost to renew residence?

Most residents must pay a filing fee when applying to renew the card.

The current cost to file Form I-90 for Green Card renewal is:

• $415 USD if you file online.

• $465 USD if you file on paper.

In some cases, you may be required to provide biometrics (fingerprints, photo, and signature), but since 2024 there is no longer a separate fee.

What are the consequences of not renewing residence on time?

It is very important to complete the process in time to obtain a new permanent resident card. Although expiration of your card does not mean you will automatically lose permanent residence, you could face a number of issues with U.S. authorities, for example:

Difficulties renewing your driver’s license

In many states, a valid Green Card is required as proof of legal residence when issuing or renewing a driver’s license.

Losing access to certain benefits and services

Various public services and state and local programs may request a valid Green Card as proof of eligibility. Otherwise, they may request additional documents and delay processing.

It is also common for financial institutions to request valid proof of status when processing applications to open a bank account or obtain a credit card.

In such cases, you can present your Form I-90 receipt number or other identity documents, such as a valid passport and Social Security number.

Difficulties reentering the United States

If your Green Card expires while you are outside the U.S., you may have problems with the authorities upon reentry, because U.S. immigration laws require proof of status.

In this case, you will need to request a reentry permit via Form I-131 or an ADIT stamp in your passport.

If you plan to be outside the United States for an extended period, consider applying for a reentry permit even if your expiration date is not near. This will help you avoid problems or delays when reentering.

Not being able to prove you have valid authorization to work in the U.S.

To work legally in the United States, employers must present proof of eligibility along with Form I-9. When a Green Card expires, it is no longer considered valid proof.

In this case, you may present the Form I-90 receipt as temporary proof. If the employer does not accept it, you can contact USCIS directly or seek advice from an immigration attorney.

To avoid greater complications at work and in other aspects of your life, it is best to keep your Green Card expiration date top of mind and start the renewal process at least 6 months in advance.

Simplify your financial management with Común

As you can see, renewing the Permanent Resident Card is fundamental to maintaining legal status and the rights it provides. Therefore, it is essential to understand the requirements, costs, and procedures clearly so you can approach the process with greater confidence and efficiency.

Always remember to stay informed about available options, such as fee waivers, and to follow the established steps to ensure successful renewal of your Green Card.

Making the payments for your immigration process can be challenging if you don’t have the right financial tools. That’s what Común is for!

Común is a financial platform that addresses day-to-day needs in the United States through an easy-to-use mobile app, where you can open an account with qualifying official identification from your country of origin.

It also offers remittance services to several countries, with competitive fees that help you save. Discover Común, an excellent option dedicated to serving immigrant communities in the United States, with support available in Spanish.

Haven’t tried Común yet? Open your account today and discover a reliable option to manage your money in the U.S. safely and efficiently.

Frequently Asked Questions

If you still have questions, consult our FAQs.

How much time do I have to renew my permanent resident card?

USCIS allows you to file Form I-90 up to 6 months before your Green Card’s expiration date.

How long does it take to renew a permanent resident card?

Renewal times vary widely depending on the service center, application volume, and whether there are errors to resolve. A routine renewal takes around 2 months; in cases of theft or loss, it can exceed 20 months. However, note that for most permanent residents the process tends to take between 7 and 11 months.

If you’re looking for a safe, simple way to manage your money, a digital wallet could be the ideal complement to your finances. It’s a mobile application that lets you bring together your cards and other financial products in one place.

In recent years, it has become a key tool for digital money management due to its convenience and security.

Below we explain in detail what a digital wallet is, common uses, advantages, and some examples of the most popular digital wallets in the United States.

What is a digital wallet and how does it work?

A digital wallet is an application for Android- or iOS-compatible devices that securely stores credit or debit card details, or bank account information and lets you access it quickly and safely to make digital payments and other transactions.

How it works is simple: you register your banking information in the app, where it’s encrypted to keep it secure and prevent third-party access. This lets you make electronic payments in seconds through several methods—scanning a QR code, using a smartphone with NFC technology, or selecting the digital wallet at checkout for online purchases.

There is a wide variety of digital wallets in the United States; the most popular include Apple Pay, Google Wallet, Samsung Pay, and PayPal.

Most common uses of a digital wallet

A digital wallet simplifies day-to-day transactions for the thousands of immigrants living in the United States. These are the most common uses of this type of tool:

Pay in-store and online

Using a digital wallet in a store is easy as long as the merchant accepts contactless payments. In that case, simply enable NFC on your phone and hold it near the payment terminal. The payment will process automatically without entering additional information.

To pay online, first make sure you’ve added your bank accounts to the wallet’s mobile app. Then go to the product or service page and choose your digital wallet as the payment option. You may be prompted to enter an authentication factor for security.

Send money to family and friends

Another common use of digital wallets—especially among immigrant users in the U.S.—is sending remittances quickly to their home countries. Depending on the app, these can be less costly than traditional banks.

Store cards and documents

A digital wallet is also a handy organizational tool for keeping not only financial products like debit and credit cards, but also other digital items such as transit cards, tickets, and discount coupons.

Manage your money better

These applications also make it easy to keep your finances organized, create monthly budgets, and stay on top of day-to-day transactions.

4 advantages of using a digital wallet

Managing your financial products with a digital wallet has several notable benefits that can completely change how you make digital payments.

1. Security: lower theft risk compared with carrying cash.

Carrying cash is always riskier than digital options because of loss or theft. A digital wallet removes the need to depend on cash and streamlines payments online and in physical stores.

In addition, your personal information is encrypted so only you can access it. You can also add app-level security like biometrics and passcodes, facial recognition, and Touch ID.

2. Convenience: everything is on your phone, without carrying multiple cards.

Beyond avoiding cash, a digital wallet also means you don’t need to carry physical cards everywhere—you can add your accounts in the digital wallet app and pay from your mobile device.

3. Financial inclusion: ideal for immigrants without easy access to traditional banks.

A common challenge for immigrants newly arrived in the United States is meeting the requirements to open a traditional bank account. In contrast, a digital account would be far more accessible option for everyday essentials like receiving money, paying bills, and sending remittances to Latin America quickly and easily.

4. Financial control: lets you review expenses and organize money more clearly.

With a digital account, you can more easily track your money by enabling notifications on your phone to stay aware of every payment.

It can also log all your transactions and help maintain a monthly budget to ensure your money covers your U.S. expenses while supporting family in Latin America.

Examples of popular digital wallets in the United States

• Apple Pay

This is Apple’s official payments service and is built into all its products by default, such as iPhone and Apple Watch. One major advantage is that more than 85% of merchants in the United States accept it.

Its wide acceptance makes it very convenient for immigrants, whether for everyday shopping or paying monthly bills.

It also offers Apple Cash, which functions like a digital card and allows sending and receiving money, but it’s only available in the United States.

• Google Wallet

This is a virtual wallet available to Android mobile users. It’s a more complete option than its predecessor Google Pay, with features such as tap-to-pay.

It’s very useful for immigrants because it also stores official documents like licenses and various IDs.

• PayPal

PayPal is one of the most popular digital wallets not only in the U.S. but worldwide. It lets you store payment information easily, and sending money to other countries is straightforward thanks to its wide coverage.

• Cash App

Cash App is an application that lets registered users send and receive money. It may be a suitable alternative if you need a debit card and ATM withdrawals.

Manage your money as an immigrant with Común 

In this article we showed you that a digital wallet is an application to store all your financial information in one place, plus the advantages, how they work, and the most popular brands in the United States.

If you want to simplify your finances, get to know Común, the platform that offers you:

• A checking account with clear, competitive fees.

• A debit card you can link to a digital wallet.

• Fast money transfers with affordable fees.

• Mobile banking available in Spanish and English

Open your Común account today with official ID from your country and start using your digital wallet to manage your money in the U.S.

Frequently asked questions

If you still have questions, see the section below.

What is the most reliable digital wallet?

You can choose options like Apple Pay, Google Wallet, and PayPal, as they have sufficient reputation for handling personal information.

How do I activate a digital wallet?

Download the application via Google Play or the App Store, create an account, add your cards, and complete the necessary verification.

Is it safe to use a digital wallet?

Yes, because they use encryption and tokenization to keep your information secure.

O1 Visa Requirements to Work in the United States

The United States offers a wide variety of visas to include as many profiles as possible that can contribute their knowledge to the country.

One example is the O1 visa, intended for foreign nationals who possess extraordinary abilities in fields such as science, sports, and the arts.

This visa has very specific criteria. Therefore, in this article, we explain the requirements established by the U.S. government to obtain it, the classification of O1 visa types, and the documents required during the application process.

If you are looking for an alternative to obtain a work visa in a highly competitive field, the O1 visa could open the door to a new life.

What Is the O1 Visa and Who Can Apply?

The O1 is a U.S. nonimmigrant visa aimed at foreign nationals with extraordinary abilities or outstanding achievements in specific areas.

The concept of “extraordinary ability” can seem a bit ambiguous, but in this context, USCIS refers to individuals who have reached such a level of excellence in their field that they have verifiable national or international recognition.

This visa is divided into two main categories:

O-1A Visa

For individuals with extraordinary achievements in science, education, business, or athletics.

O-1B Visa

For individuals with extraordinary ability in the arts, motion picture, or television industry.

As you can see, it is an immigration document that demands a high level of achievement from applicants in specific areas of work.

Main Requirements for the O1 Visa

To qualify for an O1 visa, applicants must meet a series of requirements established by USCIS.

Below are the main requirements for the two categories of this visa.

For the O-1A Visa

Applicants with outstanding achievements in science, education, business, or athletics must demonstrate they meet the following eligibility criteria:

• Having received significant recognition with national or international impact.

• Membership in prestigious associations that require outstanding achievements.

• Mentions or features in reputable media outlets.

• Having participated as a judge of the work of others in the same field.

• Being the author of published scientific articles.

• Having collaborated with distinguished organizations in the area of expertise.

• Evidence of a high salary or remuneration compared to others in the same field.

For the O-1B Visa

Applicants with outstanding achievements in the arts, film, or television industry can demonstrate eligibility if they meet the following requirements:

• Having received major awards, such as Grammy, Emmy, Oscar, or Nobel Prize.

• Participation in renowned productions.

• Being recognized by media and critics.

• Demonstrable commercial success or popularity.

• Having led prestigious projects.

It is important to note that it is not necessary to meet all these requirements, but the more criteria the applicant fulfills, the easier it will be to obtain the visa.

In both cases, applicants must have a job offer or a sponsor in the United States.

Documents and Evidence Commonly Submitted with the Application

In addition to meeting the criteria, the applicant must have the following documents to prepare a complete application.

Form I-129, Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker

This form must be filed by the U.S. employer or agent and should include the following details:

• Full name of the beneficiary.

• Detailed description of the project.

• Expected duration and location of the project.

Letters of Recommendation

This letter is essential to support the applicant’s experience in their field. It must be issued by a group of peers, a union, or an expert entity.

Job Offer Letter or Employment Contract in the U.S.

It is a document signed by the applicant and the employer that sets out the terms and conditions of employment, responsibilities, and duration.

Additionally, the previously mentioned requirements can be supported with the following documentation:

• Copies of publications, articles, or press materials.

• Evidence of memberships, awards, or recognitions.

• Financial statements or evidence of high remuneration.

If you have any doubts about your application process, consult an immigration attorney who can help you determine whether your profile fits this type of visa, which is often considered an elite category. Keep in mind that there are other options such as the EB-1 and H-1B visas.

Find Opportunities in the U.S. with Support from Común

In this article, we explained that the O1 is the visa for individuals with extraordinary abilities, aimed at people with outstanding performance in science, sports, and the arts. We also covered the approval requirements and documentation needed to demonstrate that you belong to the groups covered by this work authorization.

Arriving in a new country to work involves many changes and learning to adapt to customs and regulations. When it comes to managing money effectively, it is essential that immigrants have access to quality financial services.

Discover Común, the financial platform that makes life easier for immigrants in the U.S.!

• Checking account with clear and competitive fees.

• International money transfers with affordable costs.

• Mobile app available in Spanish that accepts more than 100 official foreign identifications.

• Debit card for everyday purchases and payments.

Open your account with Común today and build your future in the U.S. with a financial platform designed for immigrants.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Can You Obtain an O1 Visa Without a Sponsor?

No, the O1 visa always requires a sponsor to initiate the process. This sponsorship may be provided by a U.S. employer or an agency that acts as an intermediary between the applicant and contractors in the United States.

Although this visa cannot be self-petitioned, there is an option to hire an agent to submit the initial petition.

How Much Money Is Required for an Investor Visa in the United States?

The most common investor visa is the EB-5, which requires a minimum investment of $1,050,000 if the investment is made in a rural area or one with high unemployment.

A key requirement is that the project must create or maintain at least 10 full-time jobs in the United States.

Another investor visa option is the E-2, or treaty investment visa, which does not require a fixed amount but requires the applicant to prove that the investment is large enough to generate a positive impact.

Which Documents Carry the Most Weight for Approval?

The documents that usually carry the most weight for O1 visa approval are those that demonstrate sustained and verifiable recognition.

For example:

• Major awards.

• Publications in recognized media.

• Participation as a judge of others’ work.

• Membership in selective associations.

• Evidence of participation in well-known projects.

• Letters of recommendation from experts or field leaders.

Although it is not necessary to present all these documents, the more evidence there is, the greater the chances of approval.

How Long Does the O1 Visa Last and Can It Be Renewed?

The initial duration is 3 years, depending on the project. Extensions of 1 year can be requested as long as the requirements continue to be met.

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One of the main challenges immigrants face in the U.S. is formalizing a lease, since property owners often require a series of documents that can turn the search process into a maze.

Examples might include credit scores, proof of income, background checks, and references that many immigrants do not yet have. However, there are proven strategies that make it easier for newcomers to obtain a lease in the United States.

If this sounds familiar, keep reading—we’ll explain in detail how to prepare to rent safely and avoid the typical obstacles immigrants encounter when establishing themselves in the U.S.

What do you need to rent in the United States?

Before you start searching for your next home, you should keep in mind the key requirements for renting an apartment in the U.S. These help the landlord confirm that the tenant is reliable and has sufficient financial solvency to pay rent on time and in full.

Below are the most requested items to sign a lease:

Personal identification

It’s very important to verify your legal identity. Landlords or real estate agents may ask for one or more of the following documents:

• Valid passport.

• Visa or resident card.

• Driver’s license.

• Social Security Number (SSN) or ITIN.

Financial solvency

To demonstrate you have sufficient solvency to cover the monthly rent, you can provide several documents, such as:

• Proof of income, such as pay stubs, tax returns, or bank statements.

• Employer letter or employment contract.

• It is also common to be asked for a security deposit equal to one month’s rent, which serves as a guarantee in case of damage to the property.

Credit history

Reviewing credit history is a crucial step for landlords and agents because it provides reliable evidence of the applicant’s financial behavior.

If you’ve been in the United States for a short time, you may not have a credit history. This article explains simple ways to start building one.

In that case, you may be asked for a credit report from an official agency or a signed authorization to check your credit score.

Local guarantors

If you lack sufficient evidence of solvency, you may be asked for a guarantor, who serves as a backstop if you cannot meet the lease terms.

Such a guarantor must reside in the United States and provide the following documents:

• Government-issued ID.

• Proof of income.

• Good credit history.

Renting in the United States: Process and leasing options for immigrants

Housing options in the U.S. are broad and adapt to all lifestyles, budgets, and immigration statuses.

Rental options you can find in the United States include:

• Furnished houses or apartments.

• Unfurnished houses or apartments.

• Individual rental.

• Shared rental.

Regardless of the type of property you’re looking for, we recommend following these steps to rent a house or apartment.

1. Explore and select the property

Take the time to review all property details and alternatives in different neighborhoods and cities. We recommend searching trusted sites such as Zillow, Realtor, or Apartments.com. Also ask friends or acquaintances who have gone through the process for referrals.

2. Evaluate the offer conditions

Carefully analyze the lease terms, such as price, property description, requirements, and restrictions.

3. Submit your rental application

When you find a home that meets your expectations, submit a rental application with your personal information, references, and authorization to check your credit history.

4. Visit the property

Before signing any contract or paying a deposit, it is essential to visit the property to ensure it matches the listing and is free from maintenance-related deterioration.

5. Submit the required documentation

If after the visit you are still interested in renting the property, the next step is to provide the previously mentioned documents, such as proof of income and government ID.

6. Review and sign the lease

The landlord will review your application and verify your documents. If approved, the final step is agreeing to and signing the lease terms, which set the rental conditions such as duration, cost, rules, and conditions for refunding the security deposit, among others.

Three key tips for a safe, hassle-free first rental

Finding your first rental in the U.S. can be a major challenge due to the number of requirements involved.

Below are some useful tips to help your search pay off as soon as possible.

Research the housing market

Use rental websites to research which areas are more affordable or best fit your lifestyle, ensuring you can cover not only rent but also day-to-day expenses.

Use multiple search methods

Don’t limit yourself to a single method. Alternate among websites, mobile applications, classifieds, and even the help of a real estate agent.

Avoid scams

It’s essential to stay alert to potential scams. Apply these tips and stay safe:

• Make sure the agent or brokerage is registered and has reliable references.

• Do not make any payment before personally visiting the property and having a contract formalized before a notary.

• Use only recognized platforms and portals.

• Be wary of last-minute offers or listings that seem “too good to be true.”

• Avoid using cash when finalizing the rental.

• Review each clause of the contract in detail before signing.

Considerations before choosing a home

Before choosing a house or apartment to rent, it’s important to consider several factors, for example:

• Location:

Location is one of the most relevant aspects when choosing a home. Beyond the city, consider the distance to your workplace and other frequent destinations.

• Neighborhood:

Research the type of neighborhood, safety, infrastructure, recreational areas, community profile, and any other information you consider significant for making a decision.

• Rental cost:

Make sure the rent fits within your means. Create a budget that includes your monthly income and expenses.

Below are tenants’ rights and obligations in the United States.

Payments and deposits

The tenant must pay the monthly rent and the agreed deposit on time. Both payments can be made by bank transfer, bank deposit, or check.

Maintenance and repairs

The landlord must ensure the property is in optimal condition and has all utilities. In turn, the tenant agrees to take care of the premises, keep them clean, and report any defects requiring maintenance.

Tenant legal protections

Tenants are protected by U.S. law against unfair practices, such as:

Refund of the security deposit if conditions are met.

Protection against unjustified or no-notice eviction.

Make your rent payments online safely and conveniently with Común

Renting your first home in the United States doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Take time to learn the most common requirements and consider alternative solutions like those in this article. This way, you’ll see it is possible to open the door to decent housing.

With the right preparation and tools, the rental process becomes much simpler and more accessible.

Rely on Común, a financial platform that addresses day-to-day needs in the United States, with an intuitive mobile app, so opening an account is quick and easy using qualifying official identification from your country of origin. It also makes it simple to send remittances up to the applicable limits to LATAM countries, so your family receives more, with competitive fees.

Discover Común, an excellent option dedicated to serving immigrant communities in the United States, with support available in Spanish.

Open your checking account today with a partner that understands your needs as an immigrant!

Frequently Asked Questions

If you still have questions, check our FAQs.

How much does rent cost in the United States?

The national average for rental housing is around $2,100 USD.

Where is it cheaper to live in the United States?

Cities such as Laredo, Texas, and Toledo, Ohio report the most affordable living costs.

Común no tiene sucursales, pero cuenta con un equipo que apoya a sus clientes las 24 horas del día, los 7 días de la semana, sin salir de sus hogares, en tres idiomas diferentes.

Construir mejor futuro para los inmigrantes en los EE. UU. es un principio fundamental de la misión de Común. Opciones bancarias accesibles y fáciles de entender son una parte clave del viaje del inmigrante. Sin embargo, las opciones son escasas.

Las opciones complejas, engorrosas y costosas son la norma. Actividades que pueden parecer triviales e intuitivas para los nacidos en los EE. UU. son abrumadoras y confusas para un inmigrante recién llegado. Todo, desde configurar un depósito directo con un empleador hasta enviar dinero a casa, realizar pagos de bienes y servicios o comprender cómo construir un puntaje crediticio, parece demasiado complejo para cualquiera que nunca haya tenido que hacer esto en los EE. UU., y mucho menos en absoluto.

Las tarifas ocultas y las comisiones costosas añaden un nivel de estrés al comenzar una vida financiera en los EE. UU. Entre los saldos mínimos de cuenta, las tarifas mensuales, los cargos por sobregiro, las grandes tarifas de depósito de cheques, las comisiones extorsivas de transferencias internacionales y todo lo demás, mantener y usar una cuenta bancaria en los EE. UU. puede ser costoso. Para los trabajadores manuales, esto puede representar un porcentaje importante de su salario.

Las ubicaciones físicas de los bancos tradicionales también pueden ser escasas en algunas áreas. Dado que abrir una cuenta bancaria o depositar un cheque o efectivo en la cuenta debe hacerse en la sucursal, esto es una carga significativa para alguien que vive en una zona remota. Muchos inmigrantes, a veces trabajando en granjas o fábricas remotas, viven en áreas a kilómetros de distancia de la sucursal bancaria más cercana. Los costos de transporte a esas sucursales se suman a las tarifas ya altas de usar y mantener una cuenta.

Incluso si los servicios bancarios proporcionados fueran más intuitivos, digitales y a un costo menor, queda otra barrera importante. Obtener la documentación necesaria para abrir una cuenta bancaria también puede dificultar el acceso a servicios financieros justos y simples. Los inmigrantes lo suficientemente afortunados como para tener autorización de trabajo aún necesitan reunir documentación importante que no siempre está disponible para ellos. Para aquellos que han llegado a los EE. UU. buscando asilo o mejores oportunidades de trabajo siguiendo un camino más no convencional, los documentos requeridos para abrir una cuenta a menudo son prohibitivos.

Construir una plataforma bancaria 100% digital para resolver los problemas mencionados es parte de lo que Común busca lograr porque creemos en ayudar a desbloquear la movilidad social. Pero una plataforma digital, de bajo costo e intuitiva no es suficiente. Para navegar este proceso, los inmigrantes necesitan ayuda, y la ayuda se encuentra mejor en una Comunidad que los entiende cuando más lo necesitan.

Es por eso que no solo nuestros clientes son parte de nuestra Comunidad, sino también las personas que los ayudan las 24 horas del día, los 7 días de la semana a través de nuestra aplicación, redes sociales, WhatsApp o por teléfono. Más allá de resolver un problema inmediato, el apoyo brindado va más allá. Enseña y educa, empatiza y se esfuerza por fomentar un sentido de Comunidad de personas que los entienden, en términos que comprenden y en el idioma que hablan. Este es el núcleo de la verdadera banca comunitaria digital. Nuestro equipo les ayuda a configurar su depósito directo, conectarse a Zelle, obtener reembolsos por cargos con los que no están de acuerdo y todo lo demás.

En Común, el primer paso en este viaje ha comenzado. Nuestro equipo en Mérida, México, es parte de nuestra Comunidad y a la que buscamos servir. Son una extensión de nuestra misión y de nuestra plataforma digital, y un ingrediente necesario para desbloquear la movilidad social para millones de inmigrantes en los EE. UU.

Sending Money to Latin America? What You Need to Know About the New 1% Tax

If you send money home to Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, El Salvador, Honduras, or anywhere else in Latin America, a new federal law may affect the fees you pay per money transfer, depending on how you send it.

On July 4, 2025, the United States enacted the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), Public Law 119-21, which introduced a new federal excise tax on certain international money transfers. The tax, set at 1% of the transfer amount, applies to remittances made on or after January 1, 2026. However, not all transfers are taxable.

If you send money from a US bank account or using a US-issued debit or credit card, your transfer is exempt from the tax by statute. The tax applies only when you pay with cash, a money order, a cashier's check, or a similar physical instrument.

Understanding whether this tax applies to you and how it may affect your transfers can help you send money home with fewer surprises.

What Is the New 1% Remittance Tax?

It imposes a 1% federal excise tax on certain outbound remittance transfers, meaning money sent from a sender in the United States to a recipient in a foreign country, through a remittance service provider.

The tax is codified under IRC Section 4475, added to the Internal Revenue Code by Section 70604 of the OBBBA. It applies to all senders, regardless of citizenship or immigration status.

The tax was effective for transfers made after December 31, 2025, with collection beginning January 1, 2026.

Who Pays the Tax? Who Doesn't?

The key factor is how you fund the transfer, not how much you send, not where it goes, and not your immigration or citizenship status.

This means that if you often send money back home with a remittance service provider with physical locations (for example Western Union or MoneyGram) and pay with cash, a 1% tax will be added to your total transfer amount.

However, if you send money through a digital app or bank account linked to your US checking or savings account, or pay with a US-issued debit or credit card, the transfer is exempt from the tax under Section 4475.

How Is the Tax Collected?

The tax is collected at the point of transfer. When a taxable transaction occurs, the remittance transfer provider is responsible for collecting the 1% from the sender at the time the transfer is made.

Providers must then deposit the collected taxes with the IRS on a semimonthly schedule and file quarterly returns.

The Remittance Landscape in 2026

For millions of families across Latin America, the money that arrives from a relative in the United States can pay the rent, cover school fees, or put food on the table. In 2024, Latin America and the Caribbean received an estimated $161 billion in remittances, the vast majority sent from the US. Mexico alone received over $63.3 billion. In countries like El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Honduras, remittances represent between 19% and 26% of GDP.

For people already stretching every dollar between their own expenses in the US and the needs of family back home, an additional cost on each transfer can have an impact. How much it affects you depends largely on the tools available to you.

Cash agent networks (Western Union, MoneyGram, Intermex):

These are the traditional in-person options, often used by senders who mostly manage cash. Transfers funded with cash at these locations are subject to the 1% tax.

Digital apps (Remitly, Wise, Xoom, Común, and others):

These platforms typically process transfers from a linked US bank account or US-issued debit or credit card. These payment methods are exempt from the tax under Section 4475. However, fees and exchange rate margins may vary by provider.

Bank wire transfers:

Transfers sent directly from a US bank account at a Bank Secrecy Act–compliant institution are exempt from the tax by statute. Bank wire fees can be higher than digital app fees.

What This Means for You

If you send money home regularly, you already know that there are costs involved: transfer fees, exchange rate margins, sometimes a fee on the receiving end. Now, depending on how you send money, there may also be a new 1% federal tax. That may not sound like much in isolation, but if you're someone already careful about managing what to keep and what to send, it can add up.

There is no single right answer for everyone. Some people that have a US bank account can shift to a digital transfer method. Others who don't have that option yet, or may have reasons for continuing to send through an agent location. Whatever your situation is, a few things may help:

Know what you're being charged:

Before confirming any transfer, you should be able to see the fee, the exchange rate, any applicable taxes, and the exact amount your family will receive. Review everything before you hit send. Some service providers, like Común, offer in-app tools to help you calculate the costs before sending anything.

Compare the total cost:

A provider that charges no transfer fee but offers a weaker exchange rate can potentially cost more than one with a modest flat fee and a fair rate. The number that matters is what arrives on the other end.

If you have a US bank account or debit card, ask your provider about your options:

Transfers funded from a US bank account or US-issued debit or credit card are exempt from the tax under the current statute.

Ask your provider directly how they handle the tax:

Some providers may have updated their apps, websites, or agent instructions. If you're sending via a digital channel linked to your US bank account or debit or credit card, ask whether that payment method qualifies for the statutory exemption.

Manage your remittances confidently with Común

Having an account to receive electronic payments, track your spending, and send money directly may help make managing your financial life in the U.S. more convenient. Común accepts more than 100 valid Latin American IDs to open a debit account. With Común you get:

• A $2.99 flat fee per remittance transfer, with no hidden charges
• A checking account held at Community Federal Savings Bank, Member FDIC. Deposits are FDIC insured up to the applicable limits
• Transparent, in-app pricing where you can see exactly what each transfer will cost, including fees and the exchange rate, before you confirm
• 24/7 customer support in Spanish
• Cash pickup options for your recipient
• The ability to send transfers from the comfort of your phone

To learn more about Común's remittance services, visit comun.app/remittances.

FAQ

What is the new 1% Remittance Tax?

It is a federal excise tax introduced by the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), Public Law 119-21, codified as IRC Section 4475. It imposes a 1% tax on certain outbound money transfers from the United States to recipients in foreign countries. It applies only to transfers funded with cash, money orders, cashier's checks, or similar physical instruments.

When does the new remittance tax take effect?

The tax applies to remittance transfers made on or after January 1, 2026. It was signed into law on July 4, 2025, as part of the OBBBA. The IRS granted penalty relief to providers for the first three quarters of 2026, with full enforcement expected beginning Q4 2026.

Who has to pay the 1% tax?

The tax is owed by the sender, but it is collected and remitted to the IRS by the remittance transfer provider at the time of the transfer. It applies to all senders, regardless of citizenship or immigration status.

Are all money transfers from the US subject to the new tax?

No. The tax applies only to transfers funded with cash or physical instruments. Transfers funded from a US bank account at a Bank Secrecy Act–compliant institution, or paid with a US-issued debit or credit card, are exempt from the tax by statute.

How is the tax collected?

The remittance transfer provider collects the 1% tax from the sender at the time of transfer. Providers must deposit collected taxes with the IRS on a semimonthly schedule and file quarterly returns using Form 720.

How can I tell if my transfer is taxable?

It depends on how you're funding the transfer. If you are paying with cash, a money order, or a cashier's check at a remittance agent, the 1% tax likely applies. If you are sending money through a digital app or bank account using your US checking account or a US-issued debit or credit card, the transfer may be exempt under the current statute. Ask your provider directly to confirm how your specific payment method is classified.

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Gestionar tus cuentas bancarias de manera eficiente implica entender las mejores prácticas para gestionarlas, utilizar los recursos de tu banco o cooperativa de crédito y tomar decisiones financieras informadas. Este artículo explorará estrategias esenciales desde la elección del tipo correcto de banco y el saldo de la cuenta corriente hasta aprovechar la aplicación de banca móvil de tu banco para una gestión óptima de la cuenta.

Comprender tu Cuenta

Explore los diferentes tipos de cuentas bancarias, como cuentas corrientes, cuentas de ahorro y cuentas del mercado monetario en varias instituciones financieras. Aprende sobre sus usos específicos, desde el gasto diario con una tarjeta de débito hasta ahorrar dinero para metas futuras a través de una cuenta de ahorro de alto rendimiento. Domina cómo monitorear los saldos de las cuentas corrientes y rastrear las transacciones financieras utilizando la aplicación de banca móvil de tu banco, asegurando una gestión efectiva del efectivo.

Haz clic aquì para saber mas sobre tu numero de cuenta

Configuración de Alertas de Cuenta

Las alertas de banca móvil son herramientas esenciales en la era de la banca digital, ya que aumentan tu conciencia sobre las actividades de la cuenta y ayudan en la gestión financiera. Emplea prácticas de seguridad robustas para gestionar tu cuenta en línea, como el uso de contraseñas seguras y la habilitación de la autenticación de dos factores. Utiliza las funciones de seguridad de la aplicación móvil de tu banco para protegerte contra el acceso no autorizado y garantizar la seguridad de tus transacciones financieras.

Al configurar alertas, puedes recibir notificaciones para varios eventos, como cuando tu saldo cae por debajo de un cierto umbral, lo que ayuda a prevenir tarifas por sobregiro. Las alertas para depósitos o retiros grandes también pueden ayudar a monitorear transacciones fraudulentas, especialmente importantes en múltiples cuentas bancarias en diferentes instituciones financieras.

Además, muchos bancos y cooperativas de crédito ahora ofrecen opciones de alerta personalizables, que te permiten recibir actualizaciones sobre saldos de cuentas en momentos establecidos o incluso actividades inusuales con tarjetas, asegurando aún más tus transacciones financieras y ayudando a mantener una buena gestión del flujo de efectivo.

Presupuestar y Rastrear Gastos

Un presupuesto efectivo es crucial para la estabilidad financiera, y las herramientas modernas de gestión de dinero están diseñadas para satisfacer esta necesidad proporcionando información detallada sobre tus gastos variables y fijos. Estas herramientas se sincronizan con tus cuentas bancarias para categorizar automáticamente las transacciones, facilitando el seguimiento de dónde va tu dinero e identificando áreas para posibles ahorros.

Utilizar depósitos directos de manera estratégica puede automatizar gran parte de tu planificación financiera, asegurando que los gastos esenciales, como facturas mensuales, se cubran automáticamente, mientras también direccionas dinero a cuentas de ahorro separadas designadas para objetivos específicos como ahorrar para un fondo de emergencia o acumular un pago inicial. Esta configuración de depósito directo no solo simplifica la gestión de las finanzas, sino que también ayuda a mantener la disciplina en la consecución de tus objetivos financieros.

Utilizar Herramientas de Ahorro Automático

Las herramientas de ahorro automático son vitales para construir resiliencia financiera sin requerir intervención manual constante. Configurar transferencias automáticas entre tu cuenta corriente y cuentas de ahorro de alto rendimiento puede mejorar significativamente tus esfuerzos de ahorro al aprovechar las tasas de interés más altas ofrecidas por estas cuentas. Estas herramientas pueden programarse para transferir una cantidad fija o un porcentaje de tu ingreso mensual directamente a una cuenta de ahorro o inversión, asegurando que el ahorro se convierta en una parte continua de tu rutina financiera.

Además, algunos bancos ofrecen funciones como programas de "redondeo", donde las transacciones diarias se redondean al dólar más cercano y la diferencia se transfiere a una cuenta de ahorro separada, convirtiendo efectivamente cada compra en una oportunidad de ahorro. Discutir estas opciones proporciona una visión clara de cómo las herramientas de ahorro automático no solo ayudan a alcanzar objetivos financieros a largo plazo, sino también a gestionar de manera más efectiva la salud financiera diaria.

Minimizar Tarifas

Entender y minimizar las tarifas asociadas con las cuentas bancarias es crucial para mantener tu salud financiera. Las tarifas por servicio mensual, los requisitos de saldo mínimo, las tarifas por sobregiro y otros cargos pueden erosionar rápidamente tus ahorros si no se gestionan adecuadamente. Es importante revisar regularmente los términos y condiciones de cada cuenta bancaria, ya que los bancos a menudo cambian sus estructuras de tarifas. Una estrategia efectiva es mantener un cierto saldo en la cuenta que exima algunas de estas tarifas.

Además, considera usar un banco o cooperativa de crédito que ofrezca opciones de cuentas corrientes y de ahorro sin tarifas. Herramientas como las aplicaciones de análisis de tarifas pueden ayudar a identificar ahorros potenciales sugiriendo cambios en cómo gestionas tus cuentas o incluso recomendando un cambio a una institución financiera diferente que ofrezca tarifas más bajas. Este enfoque proactivo asegura que siempre estés por delante de los gastos innecesarios, preservando más de tu dinero ganado con esfuerzo.

Tarifas Comunes:

• Tarifas por Servicio Mensual: Cobradas por el mantenimiento de la cuenta, aplicables en muchas cuentas corrientes y de ahorro.
• Tarifas por Requisitos de Saldo Mínimo: Incurridas cuando los saldos de la cuenta caen por debajo de un umbral especificado.
• Tarifas por Sobregiro: Cobradas cuando las transacciones exceden el saldo de la cuenta.
• Tarifas de Cajero Automático: Aplicadas al usar cajeros automáticos fuera de la red de tu banco.
• Tarifas por Transacción: Algunas cuentas tienen tarifas por ciertos tipos de transacciones, como transferencias electrónicas o incluso retiros excesivos.

Estrategias para Evitar Tarifas:

• Mantener Saldos Mínimos: Mantén tu cuenta por encima del mínimo requerido para evitar tarifas mensuales.
• Usar Cajeros Automáticos Dentro de la Red: Retira efectivo de cajeros automáticos dentro de la red de tu banco para evitar tarifas.
• Configurar Alertas: Monitorea tus saldos de cuenta y recibe notificaciones para prevenir sobregiros.
• Elegir el Tipo de Cuenta Correcto: Opta por cuentas bancarias que se ajusten a tus hábitos financieros, como cuentas sin tarifas mensuales o cuentas que ofrezcan exenciones de tarifas con depósitos directos.
• Vincular Cuentas: Vincula tus cuentas corrientes y de ahorro para cubrir automáticamente los déficits y evitar tarifas por sobregiro.
• Revisar Regularmente los Términos de la Cuenta: Mantente actualizado sobre cualquier cambio en la estructura de tarifas y los términos de servicio de tu banco.
• Negociar Tarifas: Algunos bancos pueden eximir tarifas si discutes tus opciones de cuenta con ellos, especialmente si eres un cliente de larga data con múltiples cuentas.

Al implementar estas estrategias, puedes minimizar o incluso eliminar muchas de las tarifas típicamente asociadas con la gestión de cuentas bancarias. Este enfoque proactivo no solo ayuda a ahorrar dinero, sino también a mejorar tu salud financiera en general.

Puedes Abrir Tu Cuenta Corriente en Común con Tarjeta VISA¹ Sin Cobros Absurdos

Abre tu cuenta corriente¹ en solo 3 minutos con la identificación de tu país².

Documentos aceptados de toda LATAM:

• Pasaporte
• Tarjeta de identificación
• Licencia de conducir
• Matrícula consular
• Visa
• ¡Y muchos más!

Beneficios inigualables:

• $0 cargo por apertura
• $0 balance mínimo
• $0 comisión mensual

Abre tu cuenta‍

‍Aprende mas sobre nuestros servicios

Te explicamos como abrir una cuenta corriente en Estados Unidos

Revisión y Revaluación Regular

Revisar y reevaluar consistentemente tus metas financieras y configuraciones de cuentas bancarias es clave para adaptarte a los cambios en tu situación financiera y en las condiciones del mercado. Esto debe incluir verificar si las tasas de interés de las cuentas de ahorro son competitivas, evaluar los beneficios de tener múltiples cuentas y evaluar si tu banco actual cumple con tus necesidades.

La reevaluación regular puede ayudar a identificar oportunidades para consolidar cuentas, simplificando así las finanzas y potencialmente reduciendo tarifas. Además, considera establecer recordatorios para revisar todos los depósitos directos y pagos automáticos anualmente para asegurar que se alineen con tus objetivos financieros actuales y requisitos de flujo de efectivo. Esta revisión regular ayuda a evitar la complacencia financiera, asegurando que tus arreglos bancarios siempre estén optimizados para tu situación financiera actual y metas de ahorro.

Vinculación de Cuentas para una Gestión Simplificada

Vincular tus diversas cuentas bancarias, ya sea en la misma institución financiera o en varias, puede mejorar enormemente tu capacidad para gestionar las finanzas de manera fluida. Esto puede facilitar transferencias más fáciles entre cuentas, como mover fondos de una cuenta corriente a una cuenta de ahorro, lo cual puede ser esencial para gestionar el flujo de efectivo mensual o ahorrar para gastos planificados como vacaciones o gastos navideños.

Además, muchas instituciones financieras ahora ofrecen herramientas en línea y móviles sofisticadas que proporcionan una vista unificada de todas tus cuentas, incluso si están en diferentes bancos. Esta integración puede ayudarte a comprender mejor tu panorama financiero general, facilitando la toma de decisiones informadas sobre dónde asignar fondos. También, tener un centro centralizado para gestionar múltiples cuentas puede reducir el tiempo invertido en iniciar sesión en varias cuentas separadas y mejorar la precisión de tu presupuesto y seguimiento financiero.

Conclusión

La gestión eficiente de tus cuentas bancarias no solo se trata de proteger tus fondos, sino también de optimizar tus operaciones financieras para apoyar tus metas personales y financieras. A lo largo de este artículo, hemos explorado una variedad de estrategias, desde la elección del tipo correcto de cuenta hasta aprovechar las herramientas avanzadas de banca móvil. Estas prácticas están diseñadas para mejorar tu comprensión financiera, reducir tarifas innecesarias y mejorar la gestión general del flujo de efectivo.

Finalmente, como hemos discutido, utilizar alertas, comprender la estructura de tarifas de tu banco y emplear herramientas de ahorro automáticas son todos aspectos fundamentales para mantener una salud financiera robusta. Las revisiones regulares y la vinculación estratégica de cuentas simplifican aún más el proceso de gestión, permitiendo un viaje financiero más fluido. Al implementar estas mejores prácticas, puedes asegurarte de que tus cuentas bancarias trabajen más para ti, convirtiendo la banca diaria en una herramienta poderosa para lograr estabilidad y éxito a largo plazo.

The 100 Questions about American Citizenship in Spanish

Reaching the point where you're preparing for the citizenship exam is already a major milestone. It reflects time, effort, and a commitment to building your future in the United States.

In this guide, you'll find the 100 civic questions for the U.S. Citizenship exam provided by the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS), the government agency that reviews and processes citizenship applications. These are the questions from the civics test, translated into Spanish with their answers and organized by category aimed to support you while you prepare. The exam is administered by USCIS and is oral, not written. You'll be asked up to 10 questions out of the 100.

How does the US citizenship test work?

The U.S. citizenship exam generally consists of two parts, an English test and a civics test. Understanding how each one of them works could make the process feel more manageable. The English evaluation is conducted through an interview, in which an officer evaluates your English language skills through simple speaking, reading, and writing exercises. In the civics portion, the officer asks up to 10 questions out of a list of 100. They are about U.S. history, government, geography and holidays. To pass the test you must answer at least 6 of them correctly. It is important to consider that this entire part of the exam is oral.

If you do not pass a section the first time, you will usually have a second opportunity to retake the failed portion within 60 to 90 days. To start the application for citizenship, you must submit a form called Form N-400, which is the official application for naturalization, and as of 2026, the filing cost is $760, however, fees are subject to change.

Who can take the exam in Spanish?

If you are 65 or older and have been a permanent resident for at least 20 years, you may qualify to take the civics test in Spanish. This special rule, provided by USCIS, is designed to make the process more accessible for long-term residents. In this case, you do not need to study all 100 questions, you only need to study 20 of the 100 questions. In our list we will mark them with an asterisk (*). It is recommended to always consult and review the specific requirements of your own case with the corresponding authorities.

The 100 Official Citizenship Civics Test Questions (with answers in Spanish)

Here you will find the 100 official questions that USCIS may ask you during your citizenship exam, along with their answers in Spanish. However, keep in mind that the actual interview is conducted in English, unless you qualify for an exemption.

Part A: The American government (questions 1-57)

Principles of American Democracy (1–12)

1. What is the supreme law of the land?

• the Constitution

2. What does the Constitution do?

• sets up the government
• defines the government
• protects basic rights of Americans

3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?

• We the People

4. What is an amendment?

• a change (to the Constitution)
• an addition (to the Constitution)

5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?

• the Bill of Rights

6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment?*

• speech
• religion
• assembly
• press
• petition the government

7. How many amendments does the Constitution have?

• twenty-seven (27)

8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?

• announced our independence (from Great Britain)
• declared our independence (from Great Britain)
• said that the United States is free (from Great Britain)

9. What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?

• life
• liberty
• pursuit of happiness

10. What is freedom of religion?

• You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion.

11. What is the economic system in the United States?*

• capitalist economy
• market economy

12. What is the "rule of law"?

• Everyone must follow the law.
• Leaders must obey the law.
• Government must obey the law.
• No one is above the law.

System of Government (13–47)

13. Name one branch or part of the government.*

• Congress
• legislative
• President
• executive
• the courts
• judicial

14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

• checks and balances
• separation of powers

15. Who is in charge of the executive branch?

• the President

16. Who makes federal laws?

• Congress
• Senate and House (of Representatives)
• (U.S. or national) legislature

17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?*

• the Senate and House (of Representatives)

18. How many U.S. Senators are there?

• one hundred (100)

19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

• six (6)

20. Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?*

• Answers will vary.
• [District of Columbia residents and residents of U.S. territories should answer that D.C. (or the territory where the applicant lives) has no U.S. Senators.]

21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

• four hundred thirty-five (435)

22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

• two (2)

23. Name your U.S. Representative.

• Answers will vary.
• [Residents of territories with nonvoting Delegates or Resident Commissioners may provide the name of that Delegate or Commissioner. Also acceptable is any statement that the territory has no (voting) Representatives in Congress.]

24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

• all people of the state

25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states?

• (because of) the state's population
• (because) they have more people
• (because) some states have more people

26. We elect a President for how many years?

• four (4)

27. In what month do we vote for President?*

• November

28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?*

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the President of the United States.

29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Vice President of the United States.

30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

• the Vice President

31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

• the Speaker of the House

32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

• the President

33. Who signs bills to become laws?

• the President

34. Who vetoes bills?

• the President

35. What does the President's Cabinet do?

• advises the President

36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?

• Secretary of Agriculture
• Secretary of Commerce
• Secretary of Defense
• Secretary of Education
• Secretary of Energy
• Secretary of Health and Human Services
• Secretary of Homeland Security
• Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
• Secretary of the Interior
• Secretary of Labor
• Secretary of State
• Secretary of Transportation
• Secretary of the Treasury
• Secretary of Veterans Affairs
• Attorney General
• Vice President

37. What does the judicial branch do?

• reviews laws
• explains laws
• resolves disputes (disagreements)
• decides if a law goes against the Constitution

38. What is the highest court in the United States?

• the Supreme Court

39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the number of justices on the Supreme Court.

40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Chief Justice of the United States.

41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government?

• to print money
• to declare war
• to create an army
• to make treaties

42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?

• provide schooling and education
• provide protection (police)
• provide safety (fire departments)
• give a driver's license
• approve zoning and land use

43. Who is the Governor of your state now?

• Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. does not have a Governor.]

44. What is the capital of your state?*

• Answers will vary. [District of Columbia residents should answer that D.C. is not a state and does not have a capital. Residents of U.S. territories should name the capital of the territory.]

45. What are the two major political parties in the United States?*

• Democratic and Republican

46. What is the political party of the President now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the political party of the President.

47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?

• Visit uscis.gov/citizenship/testupdates for the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

Rights and responsibilities (48–57)

48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them.

• Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote).
• You don't have to pay (a poll tax) to vote.
• Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.)
• A male citizen of any race (can vote).

49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens?*

• serve on a jury
• vote in a federal election

50. Name one right only for United States citizens.

• vote in a federal election
• run for federal office

51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States?

• freedom of expression
• freedom of speech
• freedom of assembly
• freedom to petition the government
• freedom of religion
• the right to bear arms

52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance?

• the United States
• the flag

53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen?

• give up loyalty to other countries
• defend the Constitution and laws of the United States
• obey the laws of the United States
• serve in the U.S. military (if needed)
• serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed)
• be loyal to the United States

54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President?*

• eighteen (18) and older

55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?

• vote
• join a political party
• help with a campaign
• join a civic group
• join a community group
• give an elected official your opinion on an issue
• call Senators and Representatives
• publicly support or oppose an issue or policy
• run for office
• write to a newspaper

56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms?*

• April 15

57. When must all men register for the Selective Service?

• at age eighteen (18)
• between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26)

Part B: American history (questions 58-87)

Colonial Period and Independence

58. What is one reason colonists came to America?

• freedom
• political liberty
• religious freedom
• economic opportunity
• practice their religion
• escape persecution

59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived?

• American Indians
• Native Americans

60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?

• Africans
• people from Africa

61. Why did the colonists fight the British?

• because of high taxes (taxation without representation)
• because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)
• because they didn't have self-government

62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

• (Thomas) Jefferson

63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?

• July 4, 1776

64. There were 13 original states. Name three.

• New Hampshire
• Massachusetts
• Rhode Island
• Connecticut
• New York
• New Jersey
• Pennsylvania
• Delaware
• Maryland
• Virginia
• North Carolina
• South Carolina
• Georgia

65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention?

• The Constitution was written.
• The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution.

66. When was the Constitution written?

• 1787

67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers.

• (James) Madison
• (Alexander) Hamilton
• (John) Jay
• Publius

68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for?

• U.S. diplomat
• oldest member of the Constitutional Convention
• first Postmaster General of the United States
• writer of "Poor Richard's Almanac"
• started the first free libraries

69. Who is the "Father of Our Country"?

• (George) Washington

70. Who was the first President?*

• (George) Washington

1800s

71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

• the Louisiana Territory
• Louisiana

72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

• War of 1812
• Mexican-American War
• Civil War
• Spanish-American War

73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

• the Civil War
• the War between the States

74. Name one problem that led to the Civil War.

• slavery
• economic reasons
• states' rights

75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did?*

• freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation)
• saved (or preserved) the Union
• led the United States during the Civil War

76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?

• freed the slaves
• freed slaves in the Confederacy
• freed slaves in the Confederate states
• freed slaves in most Southern states

77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?

• fought for women's rights
• fought for civil rights

Recent American History and Other Important Historical Information

78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s.*

• World War I
• World War II
• Korean War
• Vietnam War
• (Persian) Gulf War

79. Who was President during World War I?

• (Woodrow) Wilson

80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?

• (Franklin) Roosevelt

81. Who did the United States fight in World War II?

• Japan, Germany, and Italy

82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?

• World War II

83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?

• Communism

84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?

• civil rights (movement)

85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?*

• fought for civil rights
• worked for equality for all Americans

86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001, in the United States?

• Terrorists attacked the United States.

87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States.

• [USCIS Officers will be supplied with a list of federally recognized American Indian tribes.]
• Cherokee
• Navajo
• Sioux
• Chippewa
• Choctaw
• Pueblo
• Apache
• Iroquois
• Creek
• Blackfeet
• Seminole
• Cheyenne
• Arawak
• Shawnee
• Mohegan
• Huron
• Oneida
• Lakota
• Crow
• Teton
• Hopi
• Inuit

Part C: Geography and civic integration (questions 88-100)

Geography

88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States.

• Missouri (River)
• Mississippi (River)

89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?

• Pacific (Ocean)

90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States?

• Atlantic (Ocean)

91. Name one U.S. territory.

• Puerto Rico
• U.S. Virgin Islands
• American Samoa
• Northern Mariana Islands
• Guam

92. Name one state that borders Canada.

• Maine
• New Hampshire
• Vermont
• New York
• Pennsylvania
• Ohio
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• North Dakota
• Montana
• Idaho
• Washington
• Alaska

93. Name one state that borders Mexico.

• California
• Arizona
• New Mexico
• Texas

94. What is the capital of the United States?*

• Washington, D.C.

95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?*

• New York (Harbor)
• Liberty Island
• [Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]

Symbols

96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?

• because there were 13 original colonies
• because the stripes represent the original colonies

97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?*

• because there is one star for each state
• because each star represents a state
• because there are 50 states

98. What is the name of the national anthem?

• The Star-Spangled Banner

Holidays

99. When do we celebrate Independence Day?*

• July 4

100. Name two national U.S. holidays.

• New Year's Day
• Martin Luther King, Jr. Day
• Presidents' Day
• Memorial Day
• Independence Day
• Labor Day
• Columbus Day
• Veterans Day
• Thanksgiving
• Christmas

Frequently Asked Questions about the Citizenship Exam

How many questions are asked on the citizenship exam?

During the civics portion, an officer from USCIS will ask up to 10 questions out of a list of 100. You need to answer at least 6 correctly to pass this part of the test.

Is the citizenship exam in English or Spanish?

The exam is conducted in English, including both the English and civics portions. However, applicants who qualify for the 65/20 exemption can take the civics test in Spanish. Make sure you verify if the exemption applies in your specific case with the corresponding authorities.

What happens if I don't pass the exam the first time?

If you fail either the English or civics section, you are given a second opportunity to retake the part you did not pass. This second interview typically takes place within 60 to 90 days.

How much does the citizenship exam cost in 2026?

The exam itself does not have a separate fee, but it is included in the naturalization application. As of 2026, the cost to file Form N-400 is $760, though it's always a good idea to verify updates directly with USCIS.

Do the citizenship exam questions change?

The list of questions is updated occasionally by USCIS. The current version is based on the reinstated 2008 civics test, which remains the standard as of 2026.

Can I study the citizenship questions in Spanish?

Yes, many applicants study the questions in Spanish to better understand the content. However, the actual exam is conducted in English unless you qualify for an exemption like the 65/20 rule.

5 Tips for Studying for and Passing Your Citizenship Exam

Preparing for the citizenship test doesn't have to feel overwhelming. Approaching it with a plan and consistency could be the key for a smoother experience. Here are some general tips we've enlisted for preparing for your citizenship exam:

Study by category, avoid trying to learn all of them at once.

Break the 100 questions into topics like history, government, and geography. This makes it easier to understand patterns instead of trying to memorize everything in one go.

Practice your answers out loud.

The exam is oral, so it's important to get comfortable saying your answers, not just recognizing them. This helps with confidence during the interview.

Start with questions that change.

Aim to focus first on answers that can vary, like the current president or your state's senators. Learning these early helps you avoid confusion later in the process.

Use flashcards and try to study with someone.

Flashcards are a great tool for repetition and reinforcing memory. If possible try practicing with a friend or family member to simulate the real experience of being asked questions.

Don't panic if you don't know everything.

You don't need a perfect score. You only need to answer 6 out of 10 questions correctly, so focus on being consistent, not perfect.

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If you need to make bank transfers in the United States, it will be useful to know what the ACH network is and understand its importance in the country’s banking system.

ACH (Automated Clearing House) is an Automated Clearing House that handles the processing of electronic transfers between U.S. accounts.

It is highly relevant for receiving direct payroll deposits, also known as ACH credits, and for processing recurring payments, due to several advantages compared to the traditional bank network, such as cost reduction and traceability of operations.

According to official sources, in 2024 the ACH payment network processed around 33.6 billion electronic payments, with a value close to $86.2 trillion, underscoring the importance of this method in the U.S. financial system.

On this occasion, we will explain in detail the advantages of this type of transaction and provide some recommendations so you can get the most out of them.

What is ACH and how does it work?

ACH or Automated Clearing House is a network that allows money to move between banks, credit unions, and other financial institutions in the United States, where the use of cash or checks is not necessary, because everything is processed electronically.

The central part of this system is NACHA (National Automated Clearing House Association), which oversees compliance with the rules and ensures transfers are carried out according to established security standards.

It is very likely that in your daily life you have already used the ACH system without noticing it. For example, for:

• Payroll deposits: every time you receive your salary in your bank account.

• Bill payments: to pay basic services such as electricity and internet automatically.

• Transfers between people: when you make an electronic transfer to a friend or to your own accounts.

Differences between ACH payments and other transfer methods

In the United States, there are different systems for moving money. In addition to the ACH network, you can rely on more traditional networks such as wire transfers and checks.

The main difference with other bank transfer systems is that ACH focuses on electronic, secure, and low-cost payments, which take longer than other options that tend to be more expensive; whereas ACH transfers are more suitable for recurring payments and direct deposits.

Below, we show you a comparative table so you can visualize the fundamental differences between ACH payments and other methods.

Benefits and some recommendations when using ACH payments

One of the main advantages of ACH payments is the security involved in using this system to transfer money. This is because it is regulated by an organization called NACHA, which verifies each transaction based on financial system regulations, thereby reducing the chances of fraud.

Despite the trust that ACH transfers provide, they also present some limitations.

These are the most common benefits and limitations of the ACH system:

Benefits

• It is the lowest-cost method of transferring money, as transactions are free or have minimal fees

• Transactions are protected by NACHA regulations, which guarantees their security

• It is a system well-suited for processing recurring payments and subscriptions

• It is easy to track operations, because all are recorded in the banking system

Limitations

• Transactions take longer to complete. Generally, they are reflected the next day or up to two business days later

• International money transfers cannot be made, only within the United States

• Some banks may set daily limits, so it is not advisable for moving large amounts of money

If you need an alternative for making recurring payments and direct deposits to a bank account within the United States, the ACH network is a popular alternative due to its security standards and accessibility. But if you are looking for other types of financial services, you can consider more comprehensive options.

At Común we make your ACH payments easier

As you can see, ACH payments are a reliable option for making and receiving money transfers, as long as they are scheduled transactions within the United States and within the limits set by banks.

It is very important to have a reliable and transparent partner to move your money and manage your personal finances in a comprehensive and efficient way.

Meet Común, the platform that integrates the ACH network for direct deposits, payments, and transfers, and uses a service that has clear and visible rates in the mobile app.

Discover everything Común offers you!

• Open your account with a qualified official ID from your country of origin—we accept more than one hundred of them!

• Get a debit card and make purchases easily

• Deposit cash at hundreds of locations near you

• Make international money transfers for a fee starting at $2.99 USD, up to the available limits

• Be part of a service that speaks your language and understands the needs of immigrants working in the United States

Don’t wait any longer—open your account at Común!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

If you have questions about what ACH is and what it is for, consult our Frequently Asked Questions section.

How long does an ACH transfer take?

Generally, ACH transfers take 1 to 2 business days. It is also possible they are completed the same day if the bank offers the same-day ACH option.

How much does it cost to send money via ACH?

ACH transfers are usually free up to the applicable limits. Some banks charge a minimal fee, around $3 USD. It is a more economical option than a wire transfer, which can cost more than $50 USD.

Is it safe to use ACH for personal payments?

Yes, ACH transfers are regulated by the NACHA system, so they are easily traceable and protected with anti-fraud security measures.

Can I use ACH if I don’t have a bank account in the U.S.?

No, to send money through the ACH system you need an account number from a U.S. bank or credit union. Otherwise, you can resort to more accessible alternatives such as Venmo, PayPal, and Común.

What is an ACH payment?

An ACH payment is a money transfer processed through the ACH system and managed by NACHA (National Automated Clearinghouse Association).

What is a wire transfer?

A wire transfer is a payment method that allows money to be moved from one bank to another electronically, both nationally and internationally.